{"title":"Interactive effects of total dissolved gas supersaturation and suspended sediment on the swimming abilities of two fish species","authors":"Qiyu Zhang, Xiaoqing Liu, Haoran Shi, Yao Yang","doi":"10.1111/eff.12765","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Discharged floods containing a large amount of suspended sediment (SS) can lead to total dissolved gas (TDG) supersaturation downstream of dams. The swimming ability of fish may be affected by TDG supersaturation and excessive SS. However, previous studies focused only on the separate effects of TDG and SS, ignoring their combined effects. In this study, juvenile rock carp and grass carp were selected to assess the interactive effects of TDG and SS on fish swimming ability. A totally crossed two-factorial design (six TDG levels: 100%, 115%, 120%, 125%, 130% and 135%; four SS concentrations: 0, 50, 100 and 150 mg/L) was set, and the critical swimming speed (<i>U</i><sub>crit</sub>) and the burst swimming speed (<i>U</i><sub>burst</sub>) were measured. The findings indicated that the swimming abilities (<i>U</i><sub>crit</sub> and <i>U</i><sub>burst</sub>) of both fish species decreased with increasing TDG levels and SS concentrations. Separate exposure to TDG significantly decreased the swimming abilities of the two fish species, whereas separate exposure to SS decreased only the swimming abilities of juvenile grass carp. Juvenile rock carp exhibited weaker swimming abilities than juvenile grass carp in TDG-supersaturated water. Additionally, the interaction between TDG and SS reduced the swimming abilities of juvenile rock carp and grass carp compared with a separate effect, but this reduction was significant only for the <i>U</i><sub>crit</sub> of juvenile grass carp. This study demonstrates that TDG-supersaturated water containing SS during flooding may result in fish failure through fishways.</p>","PeriodicalId":11422,"journal":{"name":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/eff.12765","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"FISHERIES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Discharged floods containing a large amount of suspended sediment (SS) can lead to total dissolved gas (TDG) supersaturation downstream of dams. The swimming ability of fish may be affected by TDG supersaturation and excessive SS. However, previous studies focused only on the separate effects of TDG and SS, ignoring their combined effects. In this study, juvenile rock carp and grass carp were selected to assess the interactive effects of TDG and SS on fish swimming ability. A totally crossed two-factorial design (six TDG levels: 100%, 115%, 120%, 125%, 130% and 135%; four SS concentrations: 0, 50, 100 and 150 mg/L) was set, and the critical swimming speed (Ucrit) and the burst swimming speed (Uburst) were measured. The findings indicated that the swimming abilities (Ucrit and Uburst) of both fish species decreased with increasing TDG levels and SS concentrations. Separate exposure to TDG significantly decreased the swimming abilities of the two fish species, whereas separate exposure to SS decreased only the swimming abilities of juvenile grass carp. Juvenile rock carp exhibited weaker swimming abilities than juvenile grass carp in TDG-supersaturated water. Additionally, the interaction between TDG and SS reduced the swimming abilities of juvenile rock carp and grass carp compared with a separate effect, but this reduction was significant only for the Ucrit of juvenile grass carp. This study demonstrates that TDG-supersaturated water containing SS during flooding may result in fish failure through fishways.
期刊介绍:
Ecology of Freshwater Fish publishes original contributions on all aspects of fish ecology in freshwater environments, including lakes, reservoirs, rivers, and streams. Manuscripts involving ecologically-oriented studies of behavior, conservation, development, genetics, life history, physiology, and host-parasite interactions are welcomed. Studies involving population ecology and community ecology are also of interest, as are evolutionary approaches including studies of population biology, evolutionary ecology, behavioral ecology, and historical ecology. Papers addressing the life stages of anadromous and catadromous species in estuaries and inshore coastal zones are considered if they contribute to the general understanding of freshwater fish ecology. Theoretical and modeling studies are suitable if they generate testable hypotheses, as are those with implications for fisheries. Manuscripts presenting analyses of published data are considered if they produce novel conclusions or syntheses. The journal publishes articles, fresh perspectives, and reviews and, occasionally, the proceedings of conferences and symposia.