On Widening the Hybrid Zone for Chars of Genus Salvelinus, Kundscha S. leucomaenis and Northern Dolly Varden S. malma (Salmonidae), in Rivers of Kamchatka Peninsula

IF 0.5 4区生物学 Q4 FISHERIES Journal of Ichthyology Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI:10.1134/s0032945223060085

K. V. Kuzishchin, M. A. Gruzdeva, A. V. Semenova

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Abstract—

The data on widening the zone for hybridization between the chars of the genus Salvelinus, kundscha S. leucomaenis and northern dolly varden S. malma (Salmonidae), in rivers of the Kamchatka Peninsula are reported. If the hybrids between the kundscha and the northern dolly varden could be previously observed only in the Utkholok River in the northwest of the peninsula, the mass hybridization between these species have occurred in two more nearby rivers, the Kvachina and Snatolveem Rivers since 2009. A microsatellite analysis has shown that hybrid specimens are characterized by intermediate values for allelic diversity, when compared to that in the representatives of parental species, while the mean expected heterozygosity values for hybrids are higher than that in Dolly Varden and kundscha fish. The analysis results for maternal inheritance in hybrid specimens from the Kvachina River coincide with that obtained in the surveys previously performed in the Utkholok River. Thus, the same haplotype specific for the kundscha fish was revealed in all the hybrid specimens, which can indicate that the hybrids originate from kundscha females and Dolly Varden males. The appearance and coloration of kundscha × northern dolly varden hybrids in the Kvachina and Snatolveem Rivers are similar to that in the specimens in the Utkholok River. Rather similar chacteristics of hybrid specimens in all three rivers can give reason to consider that a mechanism of their occurrence in the Kvachina and Snatolveem Rivers is simalr to that in the Utkholok River, since the kundscha eggs are inseminated by the Dolly Varden dwarf males. The increased local biological production of rivers due to increased sizes of spawning stocks of pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha along with large-scale climate changes in the North Pacific are considered as a possible cause of disturbances of isolation between species. It is quite probable that these two factors have contributed to improving the environmental conditions for fattening the Dolly Varden fish in the freshwater phase of their life cycle and, as a resultl of this process, increasing the number of Dolly Varden male fish matuaring in the river.

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关于扩大堪察加半岛河流中 Salvelinus、Kundscha S. leucomaenis 和 Northern Dolly Varden S. malma（鲑鱼科）种群的杂交区

摘要/ abstract摘要:报道了堪察加半岛河流中鲑属(Salvelinus)鲑属(kundscha S. leucomaenis)和北方鲑科(north dolly varden S. malma)鲑属鲑的杂交区扩大情况。如果说昆沙河和北多莉瓦登河之间的杂交以前只能在半岛西北部的乌特霍洛克河中观察到，那么自2009年以来，这些物种之间的大规模杂交已经在附近的两条河流中发生，即克瓦奇纳河和斯特纳尔维姆河。微卫星分析表明，与亲本物种相比，杂交种的等位基因多样性处于中等水平，而杂交种的平均期望杂合度高于多莉瓦尔登鱼和昆沙鱼。克瓦奇纳河杂交标本的母系遗传分析结果与以前在乌特霍洛克河进行的调查结果一致。因此，在所有的杂交标本中都发现了相同的单倍型，这表明杂交种起源于昆沙雌鱼和多莉瓦尔登雄鱼。在Kvachina河和Snatolveem河中发现的昆沙和北方多利杂交品种的外观和颜色与在Utkholok河中发现的样品相似。在所有三条河流中杂交标本的相似特征可以让我们有理由认为它们在Kvachina和Snatolveem河中的发生机制与Utkholok河中的相似，因为昆沙卵是由多莉瓦尔登侏儒雄鱼受精的。粉红鲑鱼产卵量的增加以及北太平洋大规模的气候变化导致河流的局部生物产量增加，被认为是物种间隔离干扰的可能原因。这两个因素很可能改善了多利瓦登鱼在淡水阶段的育肥环境条件，并因此增加了多利瓦登雄鱼在河流中成熟的数量。

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来源期刊

Journal of Ichthyology Multiple-

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1.00

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28.60%

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期刊介绍： Journal of Ichthyology is an international peer-reviewed journal published in collaboration with the Russian Academy of Sciences. It covers original studies in fish taxonomy, evolution, molecular biology, morphology, species diversity, zoological geography, genetics, physiology, ecology, behavior, reproduction, embryology, invasions, and protection. Some problems of applied ichthyology are also covered. The journal welcomes manuscripts from all countries in the English or Russian language.