Comparative Analysis of the Duodenojejunal Microbiome with the oral and fecal microbiome unveils its role in Human Severe Obesity.

Emilie Steinbach, Eugeni Belda, Rohia Alili, Solia Adriouch, Jejunal Luminal and Colonic Mucosa-Associated Microbiota in Metabolic Diseases (Je/Col-MiMe) Group, Benoit Chassaing, Tiphaine Le Roy, Karine Clement
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Abstract

The intestinal microbiota is recognised as an important player in the development and maintenance of obesity. Most studies focus on faecal microbiota because of its accessibility. However, the small intestine is a major site for nutrient sensing and absorption and few studies have examined the composition and function of the microbiota in this segment of the digestive tract. We conducted a clinical research project on 30 age- and sex-matched participants with (N=15) and without (N=15) obesity. Duodenojejunal fluid was obtained by aspiration during fibroscopy. Phenotyping included clinical variables related to metabolic status, lifestyle and psychosocial factors using validated questionnaires. Metagenomic analyses of the oral, duodenojejunal and faecal microbiome, as well as metabolomic data from duodenojejunal fluid and faeces, were integrated with clinical and lifestyle data. The results show associations between duodenojejunal microbiota and lifestyle as well as clinical phenotypes. These associations had larger effect sizes than the associations between these variables and faecal microbiota. We also observed that the duodenojejunal microbiota of obese patients had a higher diversity. In addition, we observed differences in the abundance of several species of the duodenojejunal microbiota between control individuals and patients suffering from obesity. In conclusion, our results support the relevance of studying the role of the small intestinal microbiota in the development of metabolic diseases.
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十二指肠空肠微生物组与口腔和粪便微生物组的比较分析揭示了其在人类严重肥胖症中的作用。
肠道微生物群被认为是肥胖发生和维持的重要因素。由于粪便微生物群易于获取,因此大多数研究都侧重于粪便微生物群。然而,小肠是营养物质感知和吸收的主要部位,很少有研究对这部分消化道中微生物群的组成和功能进行研究。我们对 30 名年龄和性别匹配的肥胖症患者(15 人)和非肥胖症患者(15 人)进行了临床研究。我们在纤维镜检查时抽取了十二指肠空肠液。表型分析包括与代谢状况、生活方式和社会心理因素有关的临床变量,采用的是经过验证的调查问卷。口腔、十二指肠和粪便微生物组的元基因组分析以及十二指肠液和粪便的代谢组数据与临床和生活方式数据进行了整合。结果显示十二指肠空肠微生物群与生活方式以及临床表型之间存在关联,这些关联的效应大小大于这些变量与粪便微生物群之间的关联。我们还观察到,肥胖患者十二指肠空肠微生物群的多样性更高。此外,我们还观察到,对照组和肥胖症患者的十二指肠空肠微生物群中多个物种的丰度存在差异。总之,我们的研究结果支持研究小肠微生物群在代谢性疾病发生中的作用。
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