[Animal mediation and social bond: a psychosocial study in Ehpad].

Abstract

Ehpad are French establishments intended to elderly people in a situation of physical and/or psychological loss of autonomy. Institutionalization in Ehpad is often synonymous with the disruption of social ties. In this context, different group activities are likely to favour the residents' relationships. Among these activities, animal mediation is an emerging approach that is gradually being introduced in these establishments. The aim of this research is to study the benefits of animal mediation on the social bond of Ehpad residents, according to animal mediation practitioners and professionals working in these establishments. Semi-directive interviews were carried out with nine professionals working in Ehpad in daily contact with the residents and who had attended collective sessions. These professionals were invited to give their views on the interactions between residents and on the benefits of the sessions. At the same time, fifty animal mediation practitioners responded to a questionnaire aimed at determining the place given to the development of social links in their practices. The professionals working in Ehpad described animal mediation as a practice that facilitates interactions during the sessions but also outside. For residents for whom verbalization is difficult or even impossible, animal mediation is presented as facilitating non-verbal communication. These comments converge with the discourse of animal mediation practitioners who place the creation of social links and the development of social skills at the heart of their practices. They highlight the central role of the animal which facilitates interactions and provides an emotional exchange.