Feeding ecology of the shortfin mako shark, Isurus oxyrinchus, in the Ecuadorian Pacific Ocean

IF 1.1 4区 生物学 Q3 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI:10.1017/s0025315423000863
Marcos D. Calle-Morán, Héctor M. Erazo-Garcés, Ana R. Hernández-Téllez, Felipe Galván-Magaña, Colombo Estupiñán-Montaño
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Abstract

Shortfin mako shark, Isurus oxyrinchus, is listed as an endangered species with declining global population. Thus, studies regarding its biology and ecology are important to recommend fishery management and conservation measures. This study aimed to determine the diet composition and feeding habits of I. oxyrinchus in Ecuadorian waters. Samples were obtained from Santa Rosa fishing port (Ecuador). The total length (LT), sex and sexual characteristics were recorded, and stomach contents were collected. A total of 142 individuals were recorded, comprising 81 females (104–295 cm LT) and 61 males (127–245 cm LT). A total of 24 prey species were identified, including crustaceans, cephalopods, teleosts and cetaceans. According to the Prey-Specific Index of Relative Importance (PSIRI), the main prey taxa were the ommastrephid squid, Dosidicus gigas (42.57%) and Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis (21.04%), followed by fish from the family Hemiramphidae (11.85%). Isurus oxyrinchus is a specialist predator that preferred a low number of prey (Bi = 0.25), both by sex (Bi; females = 0.29 and males = 0.34) and life stages (Bi; juveniles = 0.27 and adults = 0.37). The trophic overlap was medium for sexes (J = 0.54) and biological cycle phases (J = 0.42). Trophic level (TLk) was 4.47, indicating that I. oxyrinchus is a tertiary predator. This information will help in fisheries management based on an ecosystem approach, where this species fulfils an ecological role, and its interactions with other species allow us to understand how the flow of nutrients and energy occurs within an ecosystem.

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厄瓜多尔太平洋短吻鲭鲨的摄食生态学
短吻鲭鲨被列为濒危物种,全球数量正在下降。因此,对其生物学和生态学的研究对于提出渔业管理和保护措施非常重要。本研究旨在确定厄瓜多尔水域鳕鱼的食物组成和摄食习惯。样本取自圣罗莎渔港(厄瓜多尔)。记录了总长度(LT)、性别和性特征,并收集了胃内容物。共记录了 142 条个体,包括 81 条雌性个体(体长 104-295 厘米)和 61 条雄性个体(体长 127-245 厘米)。共鉴定出 24 种猎物,包括甲壳类、头足类、远足类和鲸类。根据猎物相对重要性指数(PSIRI),主要的猎物类群是大鳞鱿鱼(Dosidicus gigas,42.57%)和大鳞鱿鱼(Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis,21.04%),其次是鱵科鱼类(Hemiramphidae,11.85%)。牛尾鳅是一种专性捕食者,喜欢的猎物数量较少(Bi = 0.25),性别(Bi;雌性 = 0.29,雄性 = 0.34)和生命阶段(Bi;幼鱼 = 0.27,成鱼 = 0.37)均是如此。性别(J = 0.54)和生物周期阶段(J = 0.42)的营养级重叠度为中等。营养级(TLk)为 4.47,表明 I. oxyrinchus 为三级捕食者。这些信息将有助于基于生态系统方法的渔业管理,该物种在其中发挥着生态作用,它与其他物种的相互作用使我们能够了解生态系统中营养物质和能量的流动情况。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
8.30%
发文量
68
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: JMBA is an international journal, publishing original research on all aspects of marine biology. It includes pioneering work taking place today on major issues concerning marine organisms and their environment. Subjects covered include: ecological surveys and population studies of marine communities; physiology and experimental biology; taxonomy, morphology and life history of marine animals and plants; and chemical and physical oceanographic work. Included with 2010 online subscriptions: Marine Biodiversity Records.
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