Occurrence of the Indo-West Pacific starfish Luidia magnifica (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) in the Mexican Pacific and a possible introduction to the Caribbean region

Abstract

The starfish Luidia magnifica (Asteroidea: Paxillosida: Luidiidae) is a multiradiate starfish that occurs throughout the Indo-Pacific. Since the description of L. magnifica in 1906 by Fisher, very few observations of this species have been documented. We present new shallow-water records for L. magnifica in the Tropical Eastern Pacific obtained between 2017 and 2021. We collected a total of 15 specimens of L. magnifica in the bay of Manzanillo, Colima, in the central nearshore Mexican Pacific. We provide morphological description of specimens collected and additional ecological data. We used molecular techniques to verify species identification. This record represents a considerable expansion of the known distribution range of L. magnifica and provides the first evidence of the presence of this species in the Tropical Eastern Pacific. The presence of L. magnifica larvae from the Caribbean coast of Panama was also identified from DNA sequencing of larvae left unindentified in previous reports. This result indicates that it is possible that the L. magnifica also occurs in the Carribbean. Because observations of the starfish in the Mexican Pacific have been recent, the presence of larvae in the Caribbean could be a recent introduction through the Panama Canal from the Eastern Pacific to the Western Atlantic.