Quantum BER estimation modelling and analysis for satellite-based quantum key distribution scenarios

IF 2.5 Q3 QUANTUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY IET Quantum Communication Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI:10.1049/qtc2.12081
Abhishek Khanna, Sambuddha Majumder, Adarsh Jain, Dinesh Kumar Singh
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Abstract

The quantum communication channel is considered to be eavesdropped when the signal Quantum Bit Error Rate (QBER) exceeds a defined theoretical limit and is thus considered a figure of merit parameter for assessing the security of a quantum channel. This work presents a general mathematical model considering device imperfections and various sources of errors for estimating signal QBER in polarisation encoded satellite-based QKD systems. QBER performance for satellite-to-ground downlink scenarios has been investigated for multiple sky brightness conditions (day time and night time operations), two operating wavebands: 800 and 1550 nm as well as for different quantum transmitter and quantum receiver architectures. Further, a novel QBER estimation analysis for inter-satellite QKD links has also been presented. The estimation results obtained from the developed model have been validated against and found in good agreement with the measured results of the only reported satellite-to-ground QKD experiments till date. The presented QBER modelling and analysis will aid in system engineering and efficient design of future satellite-based QKD systems.

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基于卫星的量子密钥分发方案的量子误码率估算建模与分析
当信号量子比特误码率(QBER)超过规定的理论极限时,量子通信信道就会被认为遭到窃听,因此被认为是评估量子信道安全性的一个优点参数。这项研究提出了一个通用数学模型,其中考虑了设备缺陷和各种误差源,用于估算基于极化编码的卫星 QKD 系统中的信号 QBER。针对多种天空亮度条件(白天和夜间运行)、两种工作波段(800 nm 和 1550 nm)以及不同的量子发射器和量子接收器架构,对卫星到地面下行链路场景的 QBER 性能进行了研究。此外,还介绍了针对卫星间 QKD 链路的新型 QBER 估算分析。所开发模型的估算结果已经过验证,与迄今为止唯一报道的卫星到地面 QKD 实验的测量结果非常吻合。所介绍的 QBER 建模和分析将有助于未来星基 QKD 系统的系统工程和高效设计。
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