Participatory and Conventional Investigation of Tick Infestation in Camels and Cattle of Somali Pastoral Areas, Eastern Ethiopia.

IF 1.4 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Journal of Parasitology Research Pub Date : 2023-12-18 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1155/2023/5840827
Mohamoud Mohamed Jama, Hassan Abdi Hussein, Shaban Mohamed Abdi, Teka Feyera
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Abstract

Ticks are a common parasite that affect many animals by causing slowed growth, reduced milk output, and financial losses for industries that depend on animal hides and skins. From June to December 2017, participatory and conventional investigations on tick infestation in camels and cattle were conducted in Kebribayah and Afdem districts of Ethiopia's Somali Regional State. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and density of ticks in these animals and establish strategic control measures to enhance livestock productivity and livelihoods in pastoral areas. The current study found that the prevalence of tick infestation in Kebribayah and Afdem districts was 83.3% and 86.8%, respectively. Rhipicephalus pulchellus (48.9%) was identified as the most common tick species in camels and cattle, followed by Amblyomma gemma (26.3%), Hyalomma truncatum (11.6%), Amblyomma lepidum (6.7%), and Amblyomma variegatum (6.5%). Among the variables considered, age and body condition score were significant risk factors (p < 0.001). Tick density varied depending on the recorded months and seasons (p < 0.001), with the highest mean tick density occurring in November (32.69 ± 21.750) and during the wet season (28.56 ± 19.750). Livestock owners in Kebribayah and Afdem ranked topical acaricide application as the most effective tick control method, followed by ivermectin injections, with the traditional hand removal method being the least effective. These rankings were consistent across both districts, and there was moderate agreement among livestock keepers from both regions regarding the best method. Afdem livestock keepers had slightly weak agreement on high tick burden in spring (W = 0.475, p = 0.127), and Kebribayah livestock keepers showed slightly strong agreement in tick burden across seasons (W = 0.700, p = 0.038), with spring having a significantly higher burden than winter. Consequently, participatory appraisal indicated that ticks were important and prevalent ectoparasites in the study area. Finally, strategic tick control appropriate for specific management and production environments should be implemented biannually in wet seasons.

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埃塞俄比亚东部索马里牧区骆驼和牛蜱虫感染的参与式和常规调查。
蜱虫是一种常见的寄生虫,会影响许多动物,导致其生长缓慢、产奶量下降,并给依赖动物皮毛的产业造成经济损失。2017 年 6 月至 12 月,在埃塞俄比亚索马里州的 Kebribayah 和 Afdem 区对骆驼和牛的蜱虫侵扰情况进行了参与式和常规调查。这项研究的目的是确定这些动物体内蜱虫的流行率和密度,并制定战略控制措施,以提高牧区的牲畜生产力和生计。本次研究发现,Kebribayah 和 Afdem 地区的蜱虫感染率分别为 83.3% 和 86.8%。研究发现,Rhipicephalus pulchellus(48.9%)是骆驼和牛最常见的蜱虫种类,其次是Amblyomma gemma(26.3%)、Hyalomma truncatum(11.6%)、Amblyomma lepidum(6.7%)和Amblyomma variegatum(6.5%)。在考虑的变量中,年龄和身体状况评分是重要的风险因素(p < 0.001)。蜱虫密度因记录的月份和季节而异(p < 0.001),平均蜱虫密度最高的月份是 11 月(32.69 ± 21.750)和雨季(28.56 ± 19.750)。凯布里巴亚和阿夫德姆的畜牧业主将局部施用杀螨剂列为最有效的蜱虫控制方法,其次是注射伊维菌素,而传统的手工清除方法效果最差。这些排名在两个地区都是一致的,两个地区的牲畜饲养者对最佳方法的看法也基本一致。阿夫德姆的牲畜饲养者对春季蜱虫负担重的共识稍弱(W = 0.475,p = 0.127),而凯布里巴亚的牲畜饲养者对不同季节蜱虫负担的共识稍强(W = 0.700,p = 0.038),其中春季的负担明显高于冬季。因此,参与式评估表明,蜱是研究地区重要而普遍的体外寄生虫。最后,在潮湿季节,应每半年实施一次适合特定管理和生产环境的战略性蜱虫控制。
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来源期刊
Journal of Parasitology Research
Journal of Parasitology Research Medicine-Infectious Diseases
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
9.10%
发文量
49
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Parasitology Research is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies in all areas of basic and applied parasitology. Articles covering host-parasite relationships and parasitic diseases will be considered, as well as studies on disease vectors. Articles highlighting social and economic issues around the impact of parasites are also encouraged. As an international, Open Access publication, Journal of Parasitology Research aims to foster learning and collaboration between countries and communities.
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