Validation of the Perceptions of Racism in Children and Youth (PRaCY) Scale in Pittsburgh: Associations with Sexual Violence Experiences

IF 1.7 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Child & Youth Care Forum Pub Date : 2023-12-27 DOI:10.1007/s10566-023-09787-0

Amber L. Hill, Lynissa R. Stokes, Jordan Pollard, Lan Yu, Maria D. Trent, Elizabeth Miller, Ashley V. Hill

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Abstract

Background

Racism is a public health crisis impacting the health and wellbeing of adolescents. Finding valid tools to measure race-based discrimination, a form of racism, is necessary to accurately assess the effectiveness of programs aimed to reduce those experiences.

Objectives

Our objective was to evaluate measurement invariance of a race-based discrimination scale by gender among a sample of youth (ages 13–19) from historically marginalized groups and to assess associations of race-based discrimination with sexual violence victimization and perpetration.

Methods

We used pooled cross-sectional baseline data from two sexual violence prevention programs from 2015 to 2019. Male and female participants were from Manhood 2.0 (a cluster randomized trial) and Sisterhood 2.0 (a quasi-experimental study), respectively. All participants were recruited through community organizations from the same neighborhoods. In this study, we included all non-white youth with completed responses to the 10-item Perceptions of Racism in Children and Youth (PRaCY) Scale. This study was approved by the University of Pittsburgh IRB.

Results

We conducted confirmatory factor analysis (N = 749) and measurement invariance among male-identifying (n = 560) and female-identifying (n = 189) participants resulting in a unidimensional factor structure with weak factorial invariance by gender. Lifetime discriminatory experiences were common among all participants. Mean discrimination scores were associated with a significant increase in the odds of lifetime sexual violence victimization in males (OR = 3.03, 95%CI 1.43–6.42) and females (OR = 10.80, 95% CI 2.23–52.33), respectively.

Conclusion

We confirmed construct validity of the PRaCY Scale among youth experiencing marginalization and found associations between experiences of discrimination and sexual violence victimization in both boys and girls.

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在匹兹堡验证儿童和青少年种族主义感知量表（PRaCY）：与性暴力经历的关联

背景种族主义是影响青少年健康和幸福的公共卫生危机。为了准确评估旨在减少这些经历的项目的有效性，有必要找到有效的工具来测量基于种族的歧视（种族主义的一种形式）。我们的目标是评估基于种族的歧视量表在来自历史上被边缘化群体的青少年（13-19 岁）样本中的性别测量不变性，并评估基于种族的歧视与性暴力受害和犯罪的关联。男性和女性参与者分别来自Manhood 2.0（群组随机试验）和Sisterhood 2.0（准实验研究）。所有参与者都是通过社区组织从同一社区招募的。在本研究中，我们纳入了所有填写了 10 个项目的 "儿童和青少年种族主义感知量表"（PRaCY）的非白人青少年。结果我们在男性认同参与者（560 人）和女性认同参与者（189 人）中进行了确认性因子分析（749 人）和测量不变性分析，得出了一个单维因子结构，其不同性别的因子不变性较弱。在所有参与者中，终生遭受歧视的经历十分普遍。在男性（OR = 3.03，95%CI 1.43-6.42）和女性（OR = 10.80，95%CI 2.23-52.33）中，歧视平均得分与终生遭受性暴力侵害的几率显著增加相关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Child & Youth Care Forum PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

5.60%

发文量

期刊介绍： Child & Youth Care Forum is a peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary publication that welcomes submissions – original empirical research papers and theoretical reviews as well as invited commentaries – on children, youth, and families. Contributions to Child & Youth Care Forum are submitted by researchers, practitioners, and clinicians across the interrelated disciplines of child psychology, early childhood, education, medical anthropology, pediatrics, pediatric psychology, psychiatry, public policy, school/educational psychology, social work, and sociology as well as government agencies and corporate and nonprofit organizations that seek to advance current knowledge and practice. Child & Youth Care Forum publishes scientifically rigorous, empirical papers and theoretical reviews that have implications for child and adolescent mental health, psychosocial development, assessment, interventions, and services broadly defined. For example, papers may address issues of child and adolescent typical and/or atypical development through effective youth care assessment and intervention practices. In addition, papers may address strategies for helping youth overcome difficulties (e.g., mental health problems) or overcome adversity (e.g., traumatic stress, community violence) as well as all children actualize their potential (e.g., positive psychology goals). Assessment papers that advance knowledge as well as methodological papers with implications for child and youth research and care are also encouraged.