Pulling the trigger: Noncoding RNAs in white adipose tissue browning

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Abstract

White adipose tissue (WAT) serves as the primary site for energy storage and endocrine regulation in mammals, while brown adipose tissue (BAT) is specialized for thermogenesis and energy expenditure. The conversion of white adipocytes to brown-like fat cells, known as browning, has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for reversing obesity and its associated co-morbidities. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of transcripts that do not encode proteins but exert regulatory functions on gene expression at various levels. Recent studies have shed light on the involvement of ncRNAs in adipose tissue development, differentiation, and function. In this review, we aim to summarize the current understanding of ncRNAs in adipose biology, with a focus on their role and intricate mechanisms in WAT browning. Also, we discuss the potential applications and challenges of ncRNA-based therapies for overweight and its metabolic disorders, so as to combat the obesity epidemic in the future.

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扣动扳机白色脂肪组织褐变中的非编码 RNA
摘要 白色脂肪组织(WAT)是哺乳动物储存能量和调节内分泌的主要场所,而棕色脂肪组织(BAT)则专门负责产热和能量消耗。将白色脂肪细胞转化为棕色脂肪细胞(称为褐变)已成为扭转肥胖症及其相关并发症的一种很有前景的治疗策略。非编码 RNA(ncRNA)是一类不编码蛋白质但在不同水平上对基因表达发挥调控功能的转录本。最近的研究揭示了 ncRNA 在脂肪组织发育、分化和功能中的参与。在这篇综述中,我们旨在总结目前对脂肪生物学中 ncRNAs 的理解,重点关注它们在 WAT 褐变中的作用和复杂机制。此外,我们还讨论了基于 ncRNA 的疗法在治疗超重及其代谢紊乱方面的潜在应用和挑战,以应对未来肥胖症的流行。
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