Subjective assessment of women's economic welfare in public sector organizations of Mardan, Northern Pakistan

IF 1.9 Q2 ECONOMICS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI:10.1108/ijse-04-2023-0246

Nazia Begum, Muhammad Tariq, Noor Jehan, Farah Khan

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Abstract

Purpose

The measurement of women's economic welfare and exploring its underlying factors have been undervalued in the context of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. This study addressed this gap by focusing on assessing women's subjective economic welfare and its socioeconomic and cultural determinants in the education and health sectors within Mardan, Northern Pakistan.

Design/methodology/approach

The study used stratified random sampling techniques for the selection of sample respondents and collected data through a well-structured questionnaire. To measure women’s economic welfare, the study utilizes Lorenz curves, the Gini index, the Sen Social Welfare function and an individual's gross monthly income. Furthermore, the ordinary least squares method was utilized to analyze the determinants of economic welfare.

Findings

The findings show greater income inequality and a lower welfare level for women in the education sector compared to the health sector. Likewise, the study identifies several key determinants, such as age, educational qualification, job experience, respect for working women, outside and work-place problems and the suffering of family members of working women for their economic well-being.

Originality/value

This study makes valuable contributions to the literature by focusing on the cultural perspective of Pakhtun women in Mardan and providing a context-specific understanding of subjective economic welfare. Additionally, the authors collected first-hand data, which gave an original outlook on working women's current economic welfare level. Furthermore, this study undertakes a comparative analysis of working women's welfare in the health and education sectors. This comparison offers a more accurate portrayal of the challenges and opportunities specific to these occupations.

Peer review

The peer-review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-04-2023-0246

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对巴基斯坦北部马尔丹公共部门组织中妇女经济福利的主观评估

目的在巴基斯坦开伯尔巴图克瓦省，对妇女经济福利的衡量及其潜在因素的探索一直未得到重视。本研究通过重点评估巴基斯坦北部马尔丹地区教育和卫生部门中妇女的主观经济福利及其社会经济和文化决定因素，弥补了这一空白。为了衡量妇女的经济福利，研究采用了洛伦兹曲线、基尼指数、森社会福利函数和个人月总收入。研究结果表明，与卫生部门相比，教育部门妇女的收入不平等程度更高，福利水平更低。同样，研究还确定了几个关键的决定因素，如年龄、学历、工作经验、对职业女性的尊重、外部和工作场所问题以及职业女性家庭成员对其经济福利的影响。此外，作者还收集了第一手数据，从而对职业妇女当前的经济福利水平有了新的认识。此外，本研究还对职业妇女在卫生和教育部门的福利进行了比较分析。同行评议本文的同行评议历史见：https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-04-2023-0246。

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来源期刊

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ECONOMICS ECONOMICS-

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

5.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Social Economics publishes original and peer-reviewed theoretical and empirical research in the field of social economics. Its focus is on the examination and analysis of the interaction between economic activity, individuals and communities. Social economics focuses on the relationship between social action and economies, and examines how social and ethical norms influence the behaviour of economic agents. It is inescapably normative and focuses on needs, rather than wants or preferences, and considers the wellbeing of individuals in communities: it accepts the possibility of a common good rather than conceiving of communities as merely aggregates of individual preferences and the problems of economics as coordinating those preferences. Therefore, contributions are invited which analyse and discuss well-being, welfare, the nature of the good society, governance and social policy, social and economic justice, social and individual economic motivation, and the associated normative and ethical implications of these as they express themselves in, for example, issues concerning the environment, labour and work, education, the role of families and women, inequality and poverty, health and human development.