How Controversy and Socioeconomic Factors Influence Stem Cell Research.

Abstract

Adult stem cells dominate worldwide stem cell clinical trials. We investigated factors that may explain levels of stem cell research across different countries. Stem cell trials from clinicaltrials.gov were counted and categorized based on the country, the type of stem cell used, and whether that type is ethically controversial. The trial data were compared with characteristics of the countries such as population and GDP. We looked at the general ethical position of the countries by ranking their favorability toward abortion via their legislation. We found GDP, which may be indicative of the interest and means a nation can put toward research, to be the most predictive measure of stem cell use. No correlation was found with national abortion legislation, which is an indicator of ethical positions on life issues in a country. Thus, it would seem that the use of stem cells, namely the significantly greater use of adult stem cells over other more controversial types, is likely to be more influenced by their scientific utility and not by other social or ethical opinions. In addition, ESC and other ethically controversial research does not appear to be necessary for the US to dominate worldwide stem cell research.