Environmental sensitivity index mapping for the oil spill at a heavily industrialized area on the Northern Coast of the Persian Gulf

Abstract

Determining the environmental sensitivity of an area provides an early warning of potential land-use problems that can determine the location and extent of possible adverse effects for preventive planning and decision-making. The Coastal Zone Sensitivity Map supports the development of response strategies in potential oil spill programs. This project studies the 187-km coastline north of the Persian Gulf, including a special economic zone and a protected area. The proximity of various oil and gas development projects to the national park located in this area, and the possible threats of these industrial activities to the park's environment, highlight the importance of this study more than ever before. To prepare the environmental sensitivity map of this area, we studied the sensitive vegetation in the area, as well as the presence of birds, existing animal cover, susceptible organisms, fish, aquatic organisms, and types of beaches. This study revealed the existence of various species with conservation value in this area, including 13 species of birds, four species of reptiles and amphibians, nine species of mammals, five species of marine animals, and one plant species. By preparing an environmental sensitivity map, local authorities and decision-makers gain valuable insights into identifying vulnerable areas during oil spills or incidents that pose risks to the environment.