ImmunoPET provides a novel way to visualize the CD103⁺ tissue-resident memory T cell to predict the response of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING EJNMMI Research Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI:10.1186/s13550-023-01062-6

Xiaoyu Fan, Hans W Nijman, Marco de Bruyn, Philip H Elsinga

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Abstract

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have made significant progress in oncotherapy improving survival of patients. However, the benefits are limited to only a small subgroup of patients who could achieve durable responses. Early prediction of response may enable treatment optimization and patient stratification. Therefore, developing appropriate biomarkers is critical to monitoring efficacy and assessing patient response to ICIs.

Main body: Herein, we first introduce a new potential biomarker, CD103, expressed on tissue-resident memory T cells, and discuss the potential application of CD103 PET imaging in predicting immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment. In addition, we describe the current targets of ImmunoPET and compare these targets with CD103. To assess the benefit of PET imaging, a comparative analysis between ImmunoPET and other imaging techniques commonly employed for tumor diagnosis was performed. Additionally, we compare ImmunoPET and immunohistochemistry (IHC), a widely utilized clinical method for biomarker identification with respect to visualizing the immune targets.

Conclusion: CD103 ImmunoPET is a promising method for determining tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) load and response to ICIs, thereby addressing the lack of reliable biomarkers in cancer immunotherapy. Compared to general T cell markers, CD103 is a specific marker for tissue-resident memory T cells, which number increases during successful ICI therapy. ImmunoPET offers noninvasive, dynamic imaging of specific markers, complemented by detailed molecular information from immunohistochemistry (IHC). Radiomics can extract quantitative features from traditional imaging methods, while near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging aids tumor detection during surgery. In the era of precision medicine, combining such methods will offer a more comprehensive approach to cancer diagnosis and treatment.

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免疫发射计算机断层显像（ImmunoPET）为预测免疫检查点抑制剂的反应提供了一种可视化 CD103+ 组织驻留记忆 T 细胞的新方法。

背景：免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）在肿瘤治疗中取得了重大进展，提高了患者的生存率。然而，这种益处仅限于一小部分可获得持久应答的患者。早期预测反应可以优化治疗并对患者进行分层。因此，开发适当的生物标志物对于监测疗效和评估患者对 ICIs 的反应至关重要：在本文中，我们首先介绍了一种新的潜在生物标志物--CD103，它表达于组织驻留记忆T细胞上，并讨论了CD103 PET成像在预测免疫检查点抑制剂治疗中的潜在应用。此外，我们还介绍了目前免疫PET的靶点，并将这些靶点与CD103进行了比较。为了评估 PET 成像的益处，我们对免疫PET 和其他常用于肿瘤诊断的成像技术进行了比较分析。此外，我们还比较了免疫PET和免疫组织化学（IHC），后者是临床上广泛使用的一种生物标记物鉴定方法，可将免疫靶标显现出来：CD103免疫PET是确定肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞（TILs）负荷和对ICIs反应的一种有前途的方法，从而解决了癌症免疫疗法缺乏可靠生物标记物的问题。与一般的 T 细胞标记物相比，CD103 是组织驻留记忆 T 细胞的特异性标记物，在 ICI 治疗成功时，这种细胞的数量会增加。免疫发射计算机断层显像（ImmunoPET）可对特异性标记物进行无创、动态成像，并辅以免疫组化（IHC）提供的详细分子信息。放射组学可从传统成像方法中提取定量特征，而近红外荧光（NIRF）成像则有助于手术中的肿瘤检测。在精准医疗时代，结合这些方法将为癌症诊断和治疗提供更全面的方法。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

EJNMMI Research RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING&nb-

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

3.10%

发文量

审稿时长

13 weeks

期刊介绍： EJNMMI Research publishes new basic, translational and clinical research in the field of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging. Regular features include original research articles, rapid communication of preliminary data on innovative research, interesting case reports, editorials, and letters to the editor. Educational articles on basic sciences, fundamental aspects and controversy related to pre-clinical and clinical research or ethical aspects of research are also welcome. Timely reviews provide updates on current applications, issues in imaging research and translational aspects of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging technologies. The main emphasis is placed on the development of targeted imaging with radiopharmaceuticals within the broader context of molecular probes to enhance understanding and characterisation of the complex biological processes underlying disease and to develop, test and guide new treatment modalities, including radionuclide therapy.