Relationship between sensory processing patterns and gross motor function of children and adolescents with Down syndrome and typical development: a cross-sectional study

IF 2.1 2区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Journal of Intellectual Disability Research Pub Date : 2024-01-06 DOI:10.1111/jir.13118

B. H. Brugnaro, M. F. Pauletti, C. R. G. Lima, B. N. Verdério, R. I. Fonseca-Angulo, B. Romão-Silva, A. C. de Campos, P. Rosenbaum, N. A. C. F. Rocha

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Abstract

Background

Children and adolescents with Down syndrome (DS) may experience impairments in sensory and motor skills that can be interrelated. The purposes of this study were (i) to compare the sensory processing patterns and gross motor function between children and adolescents with DS and with typical development (TD) and (ii) to explore associations between these areas in both DS and TD groups.

Method

This cross-sectional study involved a sample size of 25 participants with DS (mean age 10.24 ± 2.04 years) and 25 participants with TD (mean age 10.04 ± 2.82 years). The sensory processing patterns were assessed using the Sensory Profile Second Version questionnaire, and the gross motor function was measured with the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88) dimensions (D) standing, and (E) walking, running, and jumping. Differences between groups were tested using the Mann–Whitney test, and the relationship between the variables was examined using Spearman's correlation tests, with a significance level set at 5%.

Results

Children with DS showed greater difficulties with sensory processing than TD children in Seeker (P < 0.001), Avoider (P < 0.001), Sensitivity (P < 0.001), Registration (P < 0.001), Auditory (P < 0.001), Touch (P = 0.001), Movements (P = 0.001), Oral (P = 0.028), Conduct (P = 0.005), Socioemotional (P < 0.001), and Attentional (P < 0.001) domains. Additionally, children with DS presented lower gross motor function than TD in GMFM-88, standing (P < 0.001) and walking, running, and jumping (P < 0.001). Correlations were found between greater difficulties with sensory processing in Touch and lower gross motor function in walking, running, and jumping for the DS group.

Conclusion

Our results suggest there are more difficulties in sensory processing patterns and gross motor function in children with DS than in TD. Also, there is a single association between more difficulties in sensory processing and less well-developed motor function in the DS group. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment of all these aspects should be performed in children and adolescents with DS, along with the provision of relevant interventions addressing specific needs.

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唐氏综合症儿童和青少年与典型发育儿童和青少年的感觉处理模式和粗大运动功能之间的关系：一项横断面研究。

背景：患有唐氏综合症（DS）的儿童和青少年可能在感觉和运动技能方面存在障碍，而这些障碍可能是相互关联的。本研究的目的是：(i) 比较患有唐氏综合症的儿童和青少年与典型发育（TD）儿童和青少年的感觉处理模式和粗大运动功能；(ii) 探讨唐氏综合症组和典型发育组在这些方面的关联：这项横断面研究涉及 25 名 DS 患者（平均年龄为 10.24±2.04 岁）和 25 名 TD 患者（平均年龄为 10.04±2.82 岁）。感觉处理模式通过 "感觉档案第二版 "问卷进行评估，粗大运动功能通过 "粗大运动功能测量（GMFM-88）"（D）站立和（E）走、跑、跳等维度进行测量。组间差异采用曼-惠特尼检验，变量之间的关系采用斯皮尔曼相关检验，显著性水平设定为5%：结果：在 Seeker 中，DS 儿童在感官处理方面比 TD 儿童表现出更大的困难（P 结论：我们的结果表明，DS 儿童在感官处理方面比 TD 儿童表现出更大的困难：我们的结果表明，与 TD 儿童相比，DS 儿童在感觉处理模式和粗大运动功能方面存在更多困难。此外，在 DS 组中，感觉处理方面的困难较多与运动功能发育较差之间存在单一关联。因此，应该对患有 DS 的儿童和青少年的所有这些方面进行全面评估，并针对具体需求提供相关干预措施。

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来源期刊

Journal of Intellectual Disability Research Multiple-

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

5.60%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Journal of Intellectual Disability Research is devoted exclusively to the scientific study of intellectual disability and publishes papers reporting original observations in this field. The subject matter is broad and includes, but is not restricted to, findings from biological, educational, genetic, medical, psychiatric, psychological and sociological studies, and ethical, philosophical, and legal contributions that increase knowledge on the treatment and prevention of intellectual disability and of associated impairments and disabilities, and/or inform public policy and practice. Expert reviews on themes in which recent research has produced notable advances will be included. Such reviews will normally be by invitation.