Parameters and Operation Modes of the Cutting and Chopping Apparatus

Abstract

ntroduction. To improve the efficiency of harvesting crops, it is necessary to improve the existing tools of mowers and headers of combine harvesters that will ensure their versatility and multifunctionality. The increased power availability per the industry in the current economic and political conditions can be achieved by applying the principles of resource conservation and using alternative designs of reaper and headers. The existing cutting units of these agricultural machines do not provide simultaneous cutting, harvesting and chopping of corn stalks, sunflower stalks, reed steams and branches for the purpose of futher incorporation into the soil or collection of plant mass to use in liverstock. Therefore, substantiating the design and technological scheme and determinating the parameters and modes for the universal cutting and chopping apparatus is relevant. Aim of the Article. The aim of the work is to increase the efficiency of cutting and chopping plants by substantiating the structural and functional scheme of the unit and the ration parameters and operating modes of the cutting unit. Materials and Methods. The physics of the kinematic mode indicator is substantiated in terms of the probability-based approach. The research was carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Operation and Technical Service and in the training park of Kuban State Agrarian University. Results. There is substantiated the structural and functional scheme of the chopper unit with a cutterbar of cutting and chopping type. The physics of the kinematic mode index characterizing the intensity of interaction of a certain number of knives with plants on the root and stems distributed over the area with different density, is substantiated for the accepted conditions of the unit operation, in terms of probabilistic approach to the interaction of knives with stems in the form of plants on the root. Discussion and Conclusion. The obtained data are necessary for designing universal machines of a new type, providing not only cutting, but also collecting of cut stems, chopping and possible collecting of the chopped crop or spreading chopped crop on the field. Depending on the rotational speed of the auger tool, an indicator of the kinematic mode, the power varies from 4.99 kW to 11.02 kW, productivity from 0.5 kg/s to 1.22 kg/s, and energy consumption from 11.02 to 4.99 kW-s/kg.