Temporal Changes in Tourists’ Climate-Based Comfort in the Southeastern Coastal Region of Spain

IF 3 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Climate Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI:10.3390/cli11110230
David Espín-Sánchez, Jorge Olcina-Cantos, C. Conesa-García
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Abstract

In the context of climate change, where the average temperature has risen in recent decades on the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula, bioclimatic indicators show an increase in thermal discomfort. This is especially relevant in regions with a clear focus on mass and seasonal sun and beach tourism, with a large number of tourists experiencing discomfort in hot and humid summer environments. The research analyses the temporal evolution (1967–2022) of the coasts of the provinces of Alicante and Murcia (Spain) using the Climate Comfort Index (CCI), divided into four different regions. Used are 14 coastal meteorological observatories divided into four regions. Trend analysis was performed using the Mann–Kendall (MKT) and Theil–Sen (TSE) tests. The results revealed a loss of climate comfort during the summer season (−0.3 to −0.4/decade), as well as an expansion of the warm period toward June and early September, with an increase of 38.7 days in “hot” thermal comfort. The increase in thermal discomfort in the summer is influenced by an increase in average temperature (0.5 to 0.7 °C/decade) and a reduction in the average relative humidity (−1.0 to −2.1%/decade) and wind speed (−0.2 to −0.9 km/h/decade). In the last 22 years (2000–2022), decreases (p  ≤ 0.05) have been recorded in July and September (−0.2 to −0.4/decade), reaching “excessive heat” climatic comfort thresholds for the first time. Finally, there has been an increase in thermal comfort in winter, especially during December in recent years (2000–2022).
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西班牙东南沿海地区游客基于气候舒适度的时间变化
近几十年来,伊比利亚半岛地中海沿岸的平均气温不断上升,在气候变化的背景下,生物气候指标显示热不适感有所增加。这在以大众旅游和季节性阳光海滩旅游为主的地区尤为明显,大量游客在炎热潮湿的夏季环境中感到不适。该研究利用气候舒适度指数(CCI)分析了西班牙阿利坎特省和穆尔西亚省沿海地区的时 间演变(1967-2022 年),并将其划分为四个不同的区域。共使用了 14 个沿海气象观测站,分为四个区域。使用 Mann-Kendall (MKT) 和 Theil-Sen (TSE) 测试进行了趋势分析。结果显示,夏季气候舒适度下降(-0.3 至-0.4/十年),温暖期向 6 月和 9 月初扩展,"热 "热舒适度增加了 38.7 天。夏季热舒适度的增加受到平均气温上升(0.5 至 0.7 °C/十年)、平均相对湿度下降(-1.0 至-2.1%/十年)和风速下降(-0.2 至-0.9 公里/小时/十年)的影响。在过去的 22 年(2000-2022 年)中,7 月和 9 月的气温有所下降(p ≤ 0.05)(-0.2 至-0.4/十年),首次达到 "过热 "气候舒适度临界值。最后,近年来(2000-2022 年),冬季尤其是 12 月的热舒适度有所上升。
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来源期刊
Climate
Climate Earth and Planetary Sciences-Atmospheric Science
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
5.40%
发文量
172
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Climate is an independent, international and multi-disciplinary open access journal focusing on climate processes of the earth, covering all scales and involving modelling and observation methods. The scope of Climate includes: Global climate Regional climate Urban climate Multiscale climate Polar climate Tropical climate Climate downscaling Climate process and sensitivity studies Climate dynamics Climate variability (Interseasonal, interannual to decadal) Feedbacks between local, regional, and global climate change Anthropogenic climate change Climate and monsoon Cloud and precipitation predictions Past, present, and projected climate change Hydroclimate.
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