Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties testing of the Persian version of the neonatal palliative care attitude scale

Abstract

This study aimed to translate/validate NiPCAS for use among Iranian NICU nurses. The 26-item NiPCAS was translated into Persian and evaluated for validity and reliability. 230 nurses participated. The NiPCAS-P demonstrated satisfactory face/content validity, with appropriate, clear, and relevant items. The overall test-retest reliability was good. Cronbach's alpha for the three factors (“resources,” “organization,” and “personal experiences/beliefs”) were acceptable. Out of 26 items, 15 loaded on the three factors, explaining 35.75% of the variance. The 15-item NiPCAS-P is a valid tool for examining the attitudes of Iranian NICU nurses towards neonatal palliative care barriers/facilitators. However, the “personal experiences/beliefs” factor may not be as reliable as the other two factors. Developing a context-specific questionnaire to assess nurses' experiences/beliefs in this area is recommended. Similar implications exist for countries with comparable contexts. Research needs to adapt NiPCAS for cross-cultural use and create additional tools to explore multi-dimensional factors affecting the implementation of neonatal palliative care factors.