The content of adipokines and myokines in the blood of children and adolescents with different genotypes according to the polymorphism rs662 of the paraoxonase-1 gene

Abstract

BACKGROUND. Among the many causes of obesity, genetic factors occupy a special place. An obvious role among them belongs to the genetic polymorphism of lipid metabolism enzymes, including paraoxonase-1 (PON-1). Until now, the character of the relationship between PON-1 polymorphism and the state of the endocrine function of mesenchymal tissues remains unclear. Its study will clarify the subtle mechanisms of the development of obesity in childhood and adolescence.AIM. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between PON-1 polymorphism (rs662) and changes in the content of adipokines, myokines, and blood lipid metabolism in children and adolescents of different sexes with obesity.MATERIALS AND METHODS. In 100 healthy children and adolescents of different sexes and 89 of their peers with obesity, a genetic study was conducted to assess the single nucleotide polymorphism of the PAO-1 (rs662) genes. In blood serum, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, triacylglycerols, glucose and aminotransferase activity (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase) were determined by photometric methods, as well as leptin, adiponectin, resistin, apelin, irisin, adipsin, myostatin, FGF21, osteocrine, oncostatin and insulin — by multiplex ELISA, and asprosin — by ELISA ones.RESULTS. The patients with the homozygous Arg192/Arg allele, the development of complications of obesity in boys is limited and their occurrence in girls is prevented. In other variants of PON-1 polymorphism (Gln192/Gln and Gln192/Arg genotypes), protective mechanisms are formed in the body of girls aimed at preventing complications in obesity. In boys with the Gln192/Gln genotype, obesity reveals more pronounced shifts in lipid metabolism, manifestations of alteration and an increase in the mass of adipose tissue, and in boys-carriers of the heterozygous Gln192/Arg allele, atherogenesis processes increase.CONCLUSION. Polymorphism of the paraoxonase-1 gene (rs662) contributes to the appearance of gender differences in changes in the content of adipokines and myokines in the blood during obesity in childhood and adolescence.