Trends in childhood cancers at Tygerberg Hospital from 1994 to 2014

S. Ndlovu, T. M. Esterhuizen, R. Uys, MB ChB, M. Kruger, FC Paed
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Abstract

Background. There is a paucity of data regarding childhood cancer incidence in low- and middle-income countries owing to a lack ofdisease-specific, hospital- and population-based registries.Objective. To describe the disease profile and outcome of children with cancer, treated at a single institution in South Africa between1994 and 2014.Methods. Data collected included demographic data (age at diagnosis, sex, stage or risk group, race) and 5-year overall survival (OS) of children aged ≤15 years diagnosed with cancer. Time to event and factors associated with 5-year outcomes were analysed, using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analysis.Results. The most common malignancies were leukaemia (27.7%), brain tumours (18.4%), lymphomas (14.1%), nephroblastoma (8.0%)and soft-tissue sarcomas (7.4%) for 935 patient records. Limited-disease solid tumours and standard-risk haematological malignancieshad good OS rates of 77.7% and 85.9%, respectively, although OS for the whole group was 60.2%. Nephroblastoma (89.3%), retinoblastoma (86.7%), Hodgkin’s lymphoma (89.7%) and Burkitt lymphoma (75.5%) had the best OS. Type of cancer (p<0.01), solid-tumour stage (p<0.001) and risk classification for haematological malignancies (p<0.001) were significantly associated with mortality.Conclusions. Underlying cancer diagnosis, stage and risk group remained significant factors influencing survival with good OS for limited disease in solid tumours and standard-risk haematological malignancies, which was comparable with survival rates in high-income countries.
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1994 年至 2014 年泰格博格医院儿童癌症发病趋势
背景。由于缺乏针对特定疾病的医院和人口登记,中低收入国家的儿童癌症发病率数据十分匮乏。描述1994年至2014年间在南非一家机构接受治疗的儿童癌症患者的疾病概况和治疗结果。收集的数据包括人口统计学数据(确诊年龄、性别、分期或风险组别、种族)以及确诊为癌症的15岁以下儿童的5年总生存率(OS)。采用卡普兰-梅耶曲线和考克斯回归分析法分析了事件发生的时间以及与5年生存率相关的因素。在935份病历中,最常见的恶性肿瘤是白血病(27.7%)、脑瘤(18.4%)、淋巴瘤(14.1%)、肾母细胞瘤(8.0%)和软组织肉瘤(7.4%)。局限性实体瘤和标准风险血液恶性肿瘤的OS率较高,分别为77.7%和85.9%,但整个组别的OS率为60.2%。肾母细胞瘤(89.3%)、视网膜母细胞瘤(86.7%)、霍奇金淋巴瘤(89.7%)和伯基特淋巴瘤(75.5%)的OS最佳。癌症类型(p<0.01)、实体瘤分期(p<0.001)和血液恶性肿瘤风险分类(p<0.001)与死亡率有显著相关性。基础癌症诊断、分期和风险组别仍然是影响生存率的重要因素,实体瘤和标准风险血液恶性肿瘤的局限性疾病具有良好的OS,与高收入国家的生存率相当。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
21
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊最新文献
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