Early-onset gasrtric cancer (review)

D. M. Pugaev, L. N. Lyubchenko, A. Ryabov, A. Kaprin
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Abstract

Objective. Early-onset gastric cancer (EOGC) constitutes a serious medical and social problem. Early-onset gastric cancer accounts for approximately 6% of all malignant epithelial neoplasms.Material and Methods. We reviewed retrospective and prospective randomized trials using Medline and Elibrary databases.Results. The applied significance of the molecular genetic classifications consist in the formation of groups for evaluating prognosis of the disease using multifactorial analysis. This classification indicates that EOGC diagnosed at a locally advanced stage and primary dissemination is most often caused by GS (TCGA) and MSS/EMT(ACRG) subtypes and is characterized by mutations in CDH1, RhoA, CLDN18-ARHGAP genes. These changes are accompanied by the prevalence of diffuse histological type of gastric cancer according to the Lauren classification and ulcerated or infiltrative type according to the Borrmann classification (type III and IV) with the presence of high-grade adenocarcinoma with a signet ring cell component.Conclusion. Considering the aggressiveness of gastric cancer in young patients, who more frequently present with locally advanced and metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis, there is a need for increased cancer alertness among physicians of other specialties, early endoscopic controls to detect cancer at early stages and benefit from both surgical and multimodal treatment.
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早期胃癌(回顾)
目的。早发胃癌(EOGC)是一个严重的医疗和社会问题。早发胃癌约占所有恶性上皮肿瘤的 6%。我们利用 Medline 和 Elibrary 数据库回顾了回顾性和前瞻性随机试验。分子遗传学分类的应用意义在于通过多因素分析,形成评估疾病预后的组别。该分类表明,在局部晚期和原发性播散阶段确诊的EOGC最常见于GS(TCGA)和MSS/EMT(ACRG)亚型,其特点是CDH1、RhoA、CLDN18-ARHGAP基因发生突变。伴随这些变化的是,根据劳伦分类法(Lauren classification),胃癌的组织学类型为弥漫型;根据博尔曼分类法(III 型和 IV 型),胃癌的组织学类型为溃疡型或浸润型,并存在带有标志环细胞成分的高级别腺癌。考虑到胃癌在年轻患者中的侵袭性,在确诊时更多地表现为局部晚期和转移性疾病,因此需要提高其他专业医生对癌症的警惕性,及早进行内镜检查,以便在早期阶段发现癌症,并从手术和多模式治疗中获益。
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来源期刊
Siberian journal of oncology
Siberian journal of oncology Medicine-Oncology
CiteScore
0.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
117
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: The main objectives of the journal are: -to promote the establishment of Russia’s leading worldwide positions in the field of experimental and clinical oncology- to create the international discussion platform intended to cover all aspects of basic and clinical cancer research, including carcinogenesis, molecular biology, epidemiology, cancer prevention, diagnosis and multimodality treatment (surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone therapy), anesthetic management, medical and social rehabilitation, palliative care as well as the improvement of life quality of cancer patients- to encourage promising young scientists to be actively involved in cancer research programs- to provide a platform for researches and doctors all over the world to promote, share, and discuss various new issues and developments in cancer related problems. (to create a communication platform for the expansion of cooperation between Russian and foreign professional associations).- to provide the information about the latest worldwide achievements in different fields of oncology The most important tasks of the journal are: -to encourage scientists to publish their research results- to offer a forum for active discussion on topics of major interest - to invite the most prominent Russian and foreign authors to share their latest research findings with cancer research community- to promote the exchange of research information, clinical experience, current trends and the recent developments in the field of oncology as well as to review interesting cases encountered by colleagues all over the world- to expand the editorial board and reviewers with the involvement of well-known Russian and foreign experts- to provide open access to full text articles- to include the journal into the international database- to increase the journal’s impact factor- to promote the journal to the International and Russian markets
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