Ultrasonic distress calls and associated defensive behaviors in Neotropical frogs

IF 1.1 4区 生物学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES acta ethologica Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI:10.1007/s10211-023-00435-3
Ubiratã Ferreira Souza, Guilherme Augusto-Alves, Mariana Retuci Pontes, Lucas Machado Botelho, Edélcio Muscat, Luís Felipe Toledo
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Abstract

Species have developed several defensive strategies for survival in response to predation pressures, including chemical, acoustic, visual, and behavioral mechanisms. Anurans serve as prey for numerous species, leading to the evolution of a diverse array of antipredator strategies. Among these strategies, acoustic emission defenses are categorized into distress calls, alarm calls, and warning calls. Although distress calls in frogs have been recognized to occur within the audible spectrum, the occurrence of ultrasound calls has been suggested for one species, but not yet confirmed. Based on our observations, we confirmed the presence of ultrasound distress calls emitted by an adult Haddadus binotatus. The distress call exhibited a high-pitched tone with decreasing frequency modulation and ultrasonic harmonics extending up to approximately 44 kHz. The presence of ultrasound frequencies in distress calls may confer advantages in deterring a broader range of predators. The use of broad-band screams synchronously with other behaviors, as raising the front of the body while arching the back and extreme mouth-gaping, intensified the defensive display, likely being more efficient in deterring predation. We observed similar behavioral repertoire for an adult Ischnocnema cf. henselii. Therefore, it could be widespread across individuals of other Brachycephaloidea genera as well.

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新热带蛙类的超声波求救信号和相关防御行为
摘要 为应对捕食压力,物种发展出了多种生存防御策略,包括化学、声学、视觉和行为机制。有尾目动物是许多物种的猎物,因此进化出了多种多样的反捕食策略。在这些策略中,声发射防御可分为求救呼叫、报警呼叫和警告呼叫。虽然蛙类的求救信号被认为发生在可听频谱范围内,但有一个物种出现了超声波信号,但尚未得到证实。根据我们的观察,我们证实了一只成年双尾蛙发出了超声波求救信号。求救信号表现出高亢的音调,频率调制递减,超声波谐波最高可达约44千赫。求救信号中超声波频率的存在可能具有威慑更多掠食者的优势。宽频尖叫与其他行为同步使用,如抬高身体前部,同时拱起背部和极度张口,强化了防御表现,可能更有效地阻止捕食。我们观察到,成体Ischnocnema cf. henselii也有类似的行为。因此,这种行为也可能广泛存在于其他 Brachycephaloidea 属的个体中。
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来源期刊
acta ethologica
acta ethologica 生物-动物学
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
18
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: acta ethologica publishes empirical and theoretical research papers, short communications, commentaries, reviews and book reviews as well as methods papers in the field of ethology and related disciplines, with a strong concentration on the behavior biology of humans and other animals. The journal places special emphasis on studies integrating proximate (mechanisms, development) and ultimate (function, evolution) levels in the analysis of behavior. Aspects of particular interest include: adaptive plasticity of behavior, inter-individual and geographic variations in behavior, mechanisms underlying behavior, evolutionary processes and functions of behavior, and many other topics. acta ethologica is an official journal of ISPA, CRL and the Portuguese Ethological Society (SPE)
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