Fifth National Climate Assessment Reveals Urgent Action Needed to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Echo D. Cartwright
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Abstract

The Fifth National Climate Assessment (NCA5) was released in November 2023 by the U.S. Global Change Research Program. The Assessment evaluates the impacts of a changing climate across 10 US regions and a wide range of biodiversity and other interests, including water, forests and ecosystems, coasts and oceans, agriculture and rural communities, the built environment, energy and transportation, health and air quality, and economic and social systems. The Assessment is the fifth such report released by the US government since 2000, using science-based data by more than a dozen US agencies and approximately 750 scientists tracking the impacts of climate change, and peer-reviewed by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine (NASEM).1 The details outlined within the Assessment are not optimistic. In fact, the extensively peer-reviewed report further quantifies the need to take immediate actions to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions into the atmosphere. Immediate actions will require both increased mitigation measures to reduce GHG emissions and adaptation measures as we attempt to live with the impacts of a changing climate.

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第五次国家气候评估显示亟需采取行动减少温室气体排放
第五次国家气候评估(NCA5)由美国全球变化研究计划于 2023 年 11 月发布。该评估报告评估了气候变化对美国 10 个地区以及广泛的生物多样性和其他利益的影响,包括水、森林和生态系统、海岸和海洋、农业和农村社区、建筑环境、能源和交通、健康和空气质量以及经济和社会系统。该评估报告是美国政府自 2000 年以来发布的第五份此类报告,报告采用了十多个美国机构和约 750 名科学家追踪气候变化影响的科学数据,并由美国国家科学、工程和医学研究院(NASEM)进行了同行评审1。事实上,这份经过广泛同行评审的报告进一步量化了立即采取行动减少大气中温室气体排放的必要性。要立即采取行动,我们既需要采取更多的减缓措施来减少温室气体排放,也需要采取适应措施来应对气候变化带来的影响。
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