Radioactive waste microbiology: predicting microbial survival and activity in changing extreme environments.

IF 10.1 2区 生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI:10.1093/femsre/fuae001
Simon P Gregory, Jessica R M Mackie, Megan J Barnett
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Abstract

The potential for microbial activity to occur within the engineered barrier system (EBS) of a geological disposal facility (GDF) for radioactive waste is acknowledged by waste management organizations as it could affect many aspects of the safety functions of a GDF. Microorganisms within an EBS will be exposed to changing temperature, pH, radiation, salinity, saturation, and availability of nutrient and energy sources, which can limit microbial survival and activity. Some of the limiting conditions are incorporated into GDF designs for safety reasons, including the high pH of cementitious repositories, the limited pore space of bentonite-based repositories, or the high salinity of GDFs in evaporitic geologies. Other environmental conditions such as elevated radiation, temperature, and desiccation, arise as a result of the presence of high heat generating waste (HHGW). Here, we present a comprehensive review of how environmental conditions in the EBS may limit microbial activity, covering HHGW and lower heat generating waste (LHGW) in a range of geological environments. We present data from the literature on the currently recognized limits to life for each of the environmental conditions described above, and nutrient availability to establish the potential for life in these environments. Using examples where each variable has been modelled for a particular GDF, we outline the times and locations when that variable can be expected to limit microbial activity. Finally, we show how this information for multiple variables can be used to improve our understanding of the potential for microbial activity to occur within the EBS of a GDF and, more broadly, to understand microbial life in changing environments exposed to multiple extreme conditions.

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放射性废物微生物学:预测微生物在不断变化的极端环境中的生存和活动。
放射性废物地质处置设施(GDF)的工程屏障系统(EBS)内可能会出现微生物活动,这一点已得到废物管理机构的认可,因为它有可能影响 GDF 安全功能的许多方面。EBS 中的微生物将暴露于不断变化的温度、pH 值、辐射、盐度、饱和度以及营养和能量来源的可用性,这些都可能限制微生物的生存和活动。出于安全考虑,一些限制条件被纳入了 GDF 设计,包括:水泥基储存库的高 pH 值、膨润土基储存库的有限孔隙空间或蒸发地质中 GDF 的高盐度。高发热废物(HHGW)的存在还会导致辐射、温度和干燥等其他环境条件的升高。在此,我们对 EBS 中的环境条件如何限制微生物活动进行了全面回顾,涵盖了一系列地质环境中的高发热量废物和低发热量废物 (LHGW)。我们介绍了文献中关于上述每种环境条件下目前公认的生命极限的数据,以及养分可用性,以确定这些环境中的生命潜力。通过对特定 GDF 的每个变量进行建模的例子,我们概述了该变量预计会限制微生物活动的时间和地点。最后,我们展示了如何利用这些有关多个变量的信息来提高我们对全球饵料发展基金 EBS 中微生物活动潜力的理解,以及更广泛地理解暴露于多种极端条件下的变化环境中的微生物生命。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
FEMS microbiology reviews
FEMS microbiology reviews 生物-微生物学
CiteScore
17.50
自引率
0.90%
发文量
45
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Title: FEMS Microbiology Reviews Journal Focus: Publishes reviews covering all aspects of microbiology not recently surveyed Reviews topics of current interest Provides comprehensive, critical, and authoritative coverage Offers new perspectives and critical, detailed discussions of significant trends May contain speculative and selective elements Aimed at both specialists and general readers Reviews should be framed within the context of general microbiology and biology Submission Criteria: Manuscripts should not be unevaluated compilations of literature Lectures delivered at symposia must review the related field to be acceptable
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