Nima Khaledi, Leila Zare, Farshid Hassani, Saeed Osroosh
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Plant diseases caused by seed-borne pathogens cause yield and quality losses and threaten seed production of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and food security. The aim of this study was to compare common seed health methods for the diagnosis and detection of Pyrenophora species, and to investigate cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs), virulence and aggressiveness of the isolates obtained from pre-basic barley seed fields in Iran. Comparing common seed health methods showed that more fungal isolates were recovered from seeds using the agar plate method compared to freezing blotter, osmotic, embryo count, and seed washing tests. A total of 7 fungal species from 5 genera were identified from 30 different samples of various Iranian barley cultivars. Based on morphological and molecular characteristics, the fungi were identified as Pyrenophora graminea, P. teres f. teres, P. teres f. maculata, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium culmorum, F. graminearum, Rhynchosporium commune and Ustilago nuda f. sp. hordei. This study has shown that barley seed samples carry a wide diversity of fungi. The results showed that the 57 % of the total samples were found to be infected by seed-borne fungi. Among the genera, Pyrenophora was the most abundant fungus. Diverse levels of virulence and aggressiveness were observed for various isolates of Pyrenophora species. Analyzing the activity of CWDEs produced by isolates revealed that xylanase activity was more important than cellulase activity for the virulence of Pyrenophora isolates and enzyme activities affect levels of virulence and aggressiveness of isolates. Therefore, these findings suggest that activity levels of xylanase are correlated with variation in virulence and aggressiveness of Pyrenophora isolates on seedings. This is the first report identifying the seed-borne fungi of Iranian barley cultivars in pre-basic barley seed fields of Iran.
期刊介绍:
Tropical Plant Pathology is an international journal devoted to publishing a wide range of research on fundamental and applied aspects of plant diseases of concern to agricultural, forest and ornamental crops from tropical and subtropical environments.
Submissions must report original research that provides new insights into the etiology and epidemiology of plant disease as well as population biology of plant pathogens, host-pathogen interactions, physiological and molecular plant pathology, and strategies to promote crop protection.
The journal considers for publication: original articles, short communications, reviews and letters to the editor. For more details please check the submission guidelines.
Founded in 1976, the journal is the official publication of the Brazilian Phytopathology Society.