Transformation of Pluripotency States during Morphogenesis of Mouse and Human Epiblast

Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI:10.1134/s1062360423050028
V. K. Abdyev, E. V. Alpeeva, E. N. Kalistratova, E. A. Vorotelyak, A. V. Vasiliev
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Abstract

The pluripotent status of a cell in vivo is spatio-temporally regulated within embryogenesis and is determined by the processes of self-renewal, endless proliferation, and differentiation into all cell types of the body. Initially, the concept of pluripotency status was proposed for characterization of teratocarcinoma cells, and then this concept was applied to the embryonic cells of the preimplantation mouse embryo. Mouse and human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are formed during the preimplantation period and are present in the embryo until the beginning of gastrulation. The differentiation of the inner cell mass of the blastocyst (ICM) into a hypoblast and an epiblast, which develops into the embryo itself, is one of the main events in early mammalian development. Continuous and dynamic transformation of pluripotency states in development coincides with the morphogenetic processes that are involved in the formation and maturation of the epiblast. Thus, blastocyst ICM cells differ in epigenetic and transcription patterns from their daughter cells forming the peri/postimplantation epiblast. With the onset of gastrulation movements, the maturation of epiblast cells ends with their differentiation into cells of three germ layers. This review considers the historical aspects of the study of cell pluripotency, various sources of PSCs, and mechanisms and signaling pathways that support self-renewal and pluripotency in PSCs cultures. In addition, the authors summarize and conceptualize data on morphogenetic processes that are involved in the formation of naive ICM cells in vivo and the subsequent maturation of mouse and human epiblast cells associated with the transformation of their pluripotency states.

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小鼠和人类外胚层形态发生过程中多能状态的转变
摘要体内细胞的多能状态在胚胎发生过程中受时空调控,并由自我更新、无休止增殖和分化为体内所有类型细胞的过程决定。多能性状态的概念最初是为鉴定畸胎瘤细胞而提出的,随后这一概念被应用于植入前小鼠胚胎的胚胎细胞。小鼠和人类的多能干细胞(PSCs)在胚胎植入前期就已形成,并一直存在于胚胎中,直到胚胎开始着床。囊胚内部细胞团(ICM)分化为下胚层和上胚层,进而发育成胚胎本身,是哺乳动物早期发育的主要过程之一。发育过程中多能状态的持续和动态转变与上胚层形成和成熟的形态发生过程相吻合。因此,囊胚 ICM 细胞在表观遗传和转录模式上不同于形成着床周围/着床后上胚层的子细胞。随着胃动的开始,上胚层细胞的成熟随着它们分化成三个生殖层细胞而结束。这篇综述探讨了细胞多能性研究的历史、多能干细胞的各种来源以及支持多能干细胞培养物自我更新和多能性的机制和信号通路。此外,作者还总结了参与体内幼稚 ICM 细胞形成的形态发生过程以及小鼠和人类上胚层细胞随后的成熟过程(与其多能性状态的转变有关)的数据,并将其概念化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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