Impact of invasive Carex kobomugi on the native dune community in a US mid-Atlantic coastal system

IF 2.8 3区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Biological Invasions Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI:10.1007/s10530-023-03237-7

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Abstract

Dunes provide numerous ecosystem services including habitat for flora and fauna, coastal protection through mitigation of wind and wave energy, and as a barrier to storm flooding. Dune vegetation that inhabits these systems plays a vital role in building dunes and resisting erosion. In the United States, the Virginia coast is a transitional temperature zone for several dominant dune grasses, where the northern species, Ammophila breviligulata (C3) and the southern species, Uniola paniculata and Panicum amarum (both C4) overlap. At Back Bay National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), Virginia, warming temperatures are resulting in native species range shifts altering biotic interactions. Additionally, the invasive sedge, Carex kobomugi (C3) has become more prevalent in the region with unknown effects on the landscape. To understand the impact of Carex on the native plant community, we quantified species distribution and morphological traits of three dominant native species, A. breviligulata, Panicum, and Uniola as well as invasive Carex. We found that Carex was most dominant and exhibited similar individual traits when compared to native species. The suite of plant traits was unique in Carex, with less variation than in native species allowing for rapid nutrient acquisition and growth. These traits, combined with species distribution data suggest that Carex may limit Ammophila abundance. Similarly, presence of Carex had a negative effect on Panicum growth, but no discernible effect on Uniola. Success of Carex at Back Bay NWR may be indicative of the future spread of the species due to above and belowground morphological traits, which may give the invasive an advantage with climate warming.

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入侵薹草（Carex kobomugi）对美国大西洋中部海岸系统原生沙丘群落的影响

摘要沙丘提供了许多生态系统服务，包括动植物栖息地、通过减缓风能和波浪能保护海岸，以及作为风暴洪水的屏障。栖息在这些系统中的沙丘植被在建造沙丘和抵御侵蚀方面发挥着至关重要的作用。在美国，弗吉尼亚海岸是几种主要沙丘草的过渡温度区，北部物种 Ammophila breviligulata（C3）和南部物种 Uniola paniculata 和 Panicum amarum（均为 C4）在这里重叠。在弗吉尼亚州的后湾国家野生动物保护区（NWR），气温变暖导致本地物种的分布范围发生变化，从而改变了生物之间的相互作用。此外，入侵莎草 Carex kobomugi（C3）在该地区越来越普遍，对景观的影响尚不清楚。为了了解薹草对本地植物群落的影响，我们量化了三种优势本地物种（A. breviligulata、Panicum 和 Uniola）以及入侵薹草的物种分布和形态特征。我们发现，薹草是最主要的入侵物种，其个体特征与本地物种相似。薹草的整套植物性状是独一无二的，与本地物种相比变化较少，因此能快速获取养分并生长。这些特征与物种分布数据相结合，表明薹草可能会限制金鱼草的丰度。同样，薹草的存在对连翘的生长也有负面影响，但对乌尼乌拉没有明显影响。薹草在后湾国家湿地公园的成功可能预示着该物种未来的蔓延，因为其地上和地下形态特征可能会在气候变暖时给入侵者带来优势。

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来源期刊

Biological Invasions 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

6.90%

发文量

248

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Biological Invasions publishes research and synthesis papers on patterns and processes of biological invasions in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine (including brackish) ecosystems. Also of interest are scholarly papers on management and policy issues as they relate to conservation programs and the global amelioration or control of invasions. The journal will consider proposals for special issues resulting from conferences or workshops on invasions.There are no page charges to publish in this journal.