Bridging the gap: associations between gut microbiota and psychiatric disorders

IF 1.5 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Middle East Current Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI:10.1186/s43045-024-00395-9
Gellan K. Ahmed, Haidi Karam-Allah Ramadan, Khaled Elbeh, Nourelhoda A. Haridy
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Abstract

Gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the gut-brain axis and can influence neurodevelopment and mental health outcomes. This review summarizes the current evidence on the associations between gut microbiota alterations and various psychiatric illnesses. The composition of the gut microbiome evolves from birth through old age, and disruptions during critical periods may increase disease risk. Factors like diet, medications, stress, and infections can disturb the gut microenvironment and lead to dysbiosis. Dysbiosis has been linked to conditions like depression, anxiety, autism, ADHD, and schizophrenia. Proposed mechanisms involve microbial regulation of neurotransmitters, inflammation, oxidative stress, blood-brain barrier permeability, and the immune system. Therapeutic strategies like probiotics, prebiotics, and faecal transplantation may modulate the gut-brain axis and microbial ecosystem. However, more research is needed to elucidate the causal microbiota-psychiatry relationship. Understanding gut-brain interactions may uncover new possibilities for preventing and managing psychiatric disorders. A growing body of research points to a close relationship between gut microbiota and mental health. While the field is still emerging, dysbiosis of gut microbial ecosystem has been associated with various neuropsychiatric conditions. The underlying mechanisms likely involve the microbiota-gut-brain axis signalling pathways. Additional research with larger samples is required to establish causal links between specific microbial changes and psychiatric outcomes.
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缩小差距:肠道微生物群与精神疾病之间的联系
肠道微生物群在肠道-大脑轴中发挥着关键作用,可影响神经发育和心理健康结果。本综述总结了肠道微生物群改变与各种精神疾病之间关系的现有证据。肠道微生物群的组成从出生到老年一直在演变,关键时期的紊乱可能会增加患病风险。饮食、药物、压力和感染等因素会扰乱肠道微环境,导致菌群失调。菌群失调与抑郁症、焦虑症、自闭症、多动症和精神分裂症等疾病有关。拟议的机制涉及微生物对神经递质、炎症、氧化应激、血脑屏障通透性和免疫系统的调节。益生菌、益生元和粪便移植等治疗策略可调节肠脑轴和微生物生态系统。然而,还需要更多的研究来阐明微生物群与精神病学之间的因果关系。了解肠道与大脑之间的相互作用可为预防和控制精神疾病提供新的可能性。越来越多的研究表明,肠道微生物群与心理健康之间有着密切的关系。虽然这一领域仍处于新兴阶段,但肠道微生物生态系统的菌群失调已与各种神经精神疾病相关联。其潜在机制可能涉及微生物群-肠道-大脑轴信号通路。要确定特定微生物变化与精神疾病结果之间的因果关系,还需要进行更多的样本研究。
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来源期刊
Middle East Current Psychiatry
Middle East Current Psychiatry Medicine-Psychiatry and Mental Health
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
89
审稿时长
9 weeks
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