Aditya Dontham, Abhijith K Anil, Nasreen Akhtar, Kishore K Deepak
{"title":"A novel methodology to demonstrate vestibulo-ocular reflex using caloric stimulation in undergraduate physiology laboratory.","authors":"Aditya Dontham, Abhijith K Anil, Nasreen Akhtar, Kishore K Deepak","doi":"10.1152/advan.00065.2022","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study aims to develop a novel methodology to demonstrate the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and nystagmus by caloric stimulation in an undergraduate medical physiology laboratory. The experimental setup involved two sets of electrodes: one set positioned laterally to both eyes, and another set positioned vertically over either the right or left eye. The caloric method is used to stimulate ears, which involves irrigation of warm (44°C) and cold (30°C) water into the ears while maintaining a temperature difference of approximately ±7°C from the body temperature. The changes in chorioretinal potential were calibrated to angular displacement by a two-point calibration method, and angular velocity was derived after taking the first-time derivative. The results obtained from the digital data acquisition system were compared to the traditional instrument used in our Otorhinolaryngology Department [Interacoustics Videonystagmography (VNG) System for hospitals, medical grade] for the normal subject's data. No significant differences in angular velocity were noted (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The cold stimuli elicit a more pronounced VOR compared to the warm stimuli. It has been consistently observed that the onset of nystagmus occurs approximately 20 s after irrigation, reaching its peak intensity between 45 and 90 s, and gradually diminishing until it ceases after approximately 200 s. Our developed methodology enables the recording and quantification of nystagmus using easily accessible equipment. This study serves the goal of visualizing the physiological process of VOR and thereby fulfills the goal of an effective teaching tool for demonstrating to undergraduate medical students.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> We developed a novel methodology to demonstrate and visualize the most common and important physiological phenomenon like the vestibulo-ocular reflex as a teaching module for undergraduate students.</p>","PeriodicalId":50852,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physiology Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Advances in Physiology Education","FirstCategoryId":"95","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1152/advan.00065.2022","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/1/18 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The study aims to develop a novel methodology to demonstrate the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and nystagmus by caloric stimulation in an undergraduate medical physiology laboratory. The experimental setup involved two sets of electrodes: one set positioned laterally to both eyes, and another set positioned vertically over either the right or left eye. The caloric method is used to stimulate ears, which involves irrigation of warm (44°C) and cold (30°C) water into the ears while maintaining a temperature difference of approximately ±7°C from the body temperature. The changes in chorioretinal potential were calibrated to angular displacement by a two-point calibration method, and angular velocity was derived after taking the first-time derivative. The results obtained from the digital data acquisition system were compared to the traditional instrument used in our Otorhinolaryngology Department [Interacoustics Videonystagmography (VNG) System for hospitals, medical grade] for the normal subject's data. No significant differences in angular velocity were noted (P > 0.05). The cold stimuli elicit a more pronounced VOR compared to the warm stimuli. It has been consistently observed that the onset of nystagmus occurs approximately 20 s after irrigation, reaching its peak intensity between 45 and 90 s, and gradually diminishing until it ceases after approximately 200 s. Our developed methodology enables the recording and quantification of nystagmus using easily accessible equipment. This study serves the goal of visualizing the physiological process of VOR and thereby fulfills the goal of an effective teaching tool for demonstrating to undergraduate medical students.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We developed a novel methodology to demonstrate and visualize the most common and important physiological phenomenon like the vestibulo-ocular reflex as a teaching module for undergraduate students.
期刊介绍:
Advances in Physiology Education promotes and disseminates educational scholarship in order to enhance teaching and learning of physiology, neuroscience and pathophysiology. The journal publishes peer-reviewed descriptions of innovations that improve teaching in the classroom and laboratory, essays on education, and review articles based on our current understanding of physiological mechanisms. Submissions that evaluate new technologies for teaching and research, and educational pedagogy, are especially welcome. The audience for the journal includes educators at all levels: K–12, undergraduate, graduate, and professional programs.