Relationships of the Gall Midge Asphondylia miki Wachtl (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) with Its Host Plant, the Alfalfa Medicago sativa, and Ectoparasitoids of Its Larvae and Pupae (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) in the Forest-Steppe of the Middle Volga Region

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Entomological Review Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI:10.1134/s0013873823050032

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Abstract

The gall midge Asphondylia miki Wachtl (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) was studied in crops of alfalfa (Medicago sativa ssp. × varia) in 2018–2022 in the forest-steppe of Samara Province. Galls were counted from the beginning of their formation to the end of the crop growing season in plots 0.1 to 1 m² in area. The data were processed using ANOVA. The gall midge had two annual generations in the alfalfa fields sown in spring and in the perennial crops; when alfalfa was sown in summer, A. miki produced one generation during the first year. The pupae overwintered in galls, and adults of the overwintered generation emerged in April. The highest rate of damage to alfalfa by A. miki larvae (40–68% of generative shoots) and the highest density of galls (500–830 ind./m²) were observed during the first year of the summer-sown crop, when the flight peak coincided with the alfalfa budding phase; the seed loss was considerable (13–81%). On average, parasitoid wasps destroyed the larvae and pupae of A. miki in 60% of its galls in the summer-sown crops not treated with chemical pesticides. The gregarious ectoparasitoid Sigmophora brevicornis (Eulophidae), mainly infesting larvae, accounted for about 77% of the identified parasitoid specimens. The males and females in the S. brevicornis population had similar body coloration and belonged to three phenotypes: the lightest brownish yellow, yellowish brown, and dark, which comprised 53, 28, and 19% of the specimens, respectively.

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伏尔加河中游地区森林草原瘿蚊 Asphondylia miki Wachtl（双翅目，瘿蚊科）与寄主植物紫花苜蓿 Medicago sativa 的关系及其幼虫和蛹的外寄生物（膜翅目，瘿蚊科

摘要对2018-2022年萨马拉省森林草原中紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa ssp. × varia）作物中的瘿蚊Asphondylia miki Wachtl（双翅目，Cecidomyiidae）进行了研究。在面积为 0.1 至 1 平方米的地块上，从瘿形成开始到作物生长季节结束，对瘿进行了计数。数据采用方差分析法进行处理。在春季播种的苜蓿地和多年生作物上，瘿蚊一年生两代；在夏季播种的苜蓿地，瘿蚊第一年只生一代。蛹在虫瘿中越冬，越冬代的成虫在 4 月出土。在夏播作物的第一年，A. miki 幼虫对紫花苜蓿的危害率最高（40-68% 的发芽率），虫瘿密度最大（500-830 个/平方米），此时的飞舞高峰与紫花苜蓿的萌芽期重合；种子损失相当大（13-81%）。在未使用化学农药的夏播作物中，寄生蜂平均在 60% 的虫瘿中消灭了 A. miki 的幼虫和蛹。群集的外寄生蜂 Sigmophora brevicornis（Eulophidae）主要为害幼虫，约占已鉴定寄生蜂标本的 77%。S. brevicornis种群中的雌雄个体体色相似，属于三种表型：最浅的棕黄色、黄棕色和深色，分别占标本的53%、28%和19%。

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来源期刊

Entomological Review Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Insect Science

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0.80

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0.00%

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期刊介绍： Entomological Review publishes papers dealing with all aspects of theoretical and applied entomology; and covers systematics, faunistics, zoogeography, evolution, ecology, morphology, physiology of insects, spiders and mites; as well as biological and chemical control of pests. It is one of the few entomological journals with a broad coverage.