Factors Contributing to Malnutrition among Children Under 5 Years at St. Elizabeth Catholic Hospital, Ahafo Hwidiem.

IF 1.7 Q2 PEDIATRICS Clinical Medicine Insights-Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-01-18 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1177/11795565231222716
William Wilberforce Amoah, Dora Kobi, Philip Teg-Nefaah Tabong, Margaret Wekem Kukeba, Yakubu Alhassan, Francisca Achaliwie, Augustina Amoah, Atinyagrika Bernard Adugbire
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Abstract

Background: Nutrition among children under 5 plays an important role in the overall development of children physically and psychologically. Nutritional deficiencies and malnutrition generally affect children. In this study, we estimate the prevalence of 3 malnutrition indicators underweight, stunting and wasting and to assess factors associated with them.

Objective: The main objective of the study was to assess the factors contributing to malnutrition among children under 5 years old.

Design: The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional study design to assess the factors contributing to malnutrition among children under 5 years of age.

Methods: This is quantitative cross-sectional facility-based study of 245 children aged 11 to 49 months. A structured questionnaire was used, and anthropometric measurements were taken to collect data. The Pearson chi-square test was used to assess the bivariate association between the outcomes and the characteristics. The binary logistic regression model was employed to estimate the crude and adjusted odds of malnutrition indicators among the characteristics observed in the study.

Results: The prevalence of underweight, stunting, and wasting were 35.9, 13.9, and 33.9%, respectively. Underweight was significantly higher among females compared to males (42.0% vs. 24.1%) and highest among children aged 11 to 23 months (53.6%). Female children had 3 times more odds of being underweight (AOR: 3.09, 95% CI: 1.56-6.12). Compared to children aged 11 to 23 months, the odds of being underweight were less among children aged 24 to 35 months (AOR: 0.26, 95% CI: 0.13-0.51, P < .001), and 36 to 47 months (AOR: 0.9, 95% CI: 0.03-0.29, P < .001). Wasting was less prevalent among children aged 11 to 23 months (4.8%). Also, wasting was high among children aged 24 to 35 months (AOR: 27.41, 95% CI: 9.12-82.37, P < .001), 36 to 47 months (AOR: 28.23, 95% CI: 7.59-104.94, P < .001), and 48 to 59 months (AOR: 18.10, 95% CI: 3.04-107.76, P < .001). None of the observed factors were associated with stunting in the study.

Conclusion: This study concludes that child malnutrition was high among under-five children. Promoting the use of healthy complementary feeding, preventing diarrheal diseases, and vaccinating children integrated with access to nutrition education programs are vital interventions to improve the nutritional status of children.

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导致阿哈福-惠迪姆圣伊丽莎白天主教医院 5 岁以下儿童营养不良的因素。
背景:5 岁以下儿童的营养对其身心全面发展起着重要作用。营养缺乏和营养不良普遍影响着儿童。在这项研究中,我们估计了体重不足、发育迟缓和消瘦这三个营养不良指标的发生率,并评估了与之相关的因素:研究的主要目的是评估导致 5 岁以下儿童营养不良的因素:本研究采用描述性横断面研究设计,以评估导致 5 岁以下儿童营养不良的因素:这是一项基于设施的定量横断面研究,研究对象为 245 名 11 至 49 个月大的儿童。采用结构化问卷调查和人体测量来收集数据。采用皮尔逊卡方检验来评估结果与特征之间的二元关联。采用二元逻辑回归模型估算了研究中观察到的特征中营养不良指标的粗略和调整几率:结果:体重不足、发育迟缓和消瘦的发生率分别为 35.9%、13.9% 和 33.9%。女性体重不足率明显高于男性(42.0% 对 24.1%),11 至 23 个月大的儿童体重不足率最高(53.6%)。女性儿童体重不足的几率是男性的 3 倍(AOR:3.09,95% CI:1.56-6.12)。与 11 至 23 个月的儿童相比,24 至 35 个月的儿童体重不足的几率较低(AOR:0.26,95% CI:0.13-0.51,P P P P P P 结论:本研究得出结论,五岁以下儿童的营养不良率较高。推广使用健康的辅食、预防腹泻疾病、为儿童接种疫苗并提供营养教育计划是改善儿童营养状况的重要干预措施。
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