Immunomodulatory options for neurodevelopmental spectrum conditions: are we there yet?

IF 2.1 3区医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY International Clinical Psychopharmacology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-22 DOI:10.1097/YIC.0000000000000531

Martina Arenella

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Abstract

About 3-7% of the worldwide population is diagnosed with a neurodevelopmental condition, including autism and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Nonetheless, the aetiology of these conditions is unclear and support options are limited or not effective for all those diagnosed. Cumulating evidence, however, supports a role of the immune system in neurodevelopment, and immune dysregulations have been implicated in neurodevelopmental atypicalities. This knowledge offers tremendous opportunities, especially the possibility to adopt immunomodulatory compounds, which are already available and safe to use, for the management of neurodevelopmental difficulties. This perspective discusses the potential of immune-based interventions in neurodevelopmental care. Here, the application of existing immunomodulatory compounds to symptom management is justified by findings of immune dysregulations across neurodevelopmental conditions and preliminary, encouraging immune-based clinical trials. Still, key considerations are presented, specifically the necessity of immune biomarkers to ensure the right support option for the right (subgroup of) individuals within the neurodevelopmental spectrum.

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神经发育谱系疾病的免疫调节方案：我们是否已经准备就绪？

全世界约有 3%-7% 的人被诊断患有神经发育疾病，包括自闭症和注意力缺陷多动障碍。然而，这些疾病的病因尚不清楚，对所有确诊患者的支持方案也很有限，甚至无效。然而，不断积累的证据表明，免疫系统在神经发育过程中扮演着重要角色，免疫失调与神经发育异常有关。这方面的知识提供了巨大的机遇，尤其是采用免疫调节化合物治疗神经发育障碍的可能性。本视角讨论了基于免疫的干预措施在神经发育护理中的潜力。在这里，现有免疫调节化合物在症状治疗中的应用是合理的，因为在神经发育疾病中发现了免疫失调现象，而且基于免疫的临床试验也取得了初步的、令人鼓舞的成果。此外，还提出了一些关键的考虑因素，特别是免疫生物标志物的必要性，以确保为神经发育谱系中正确的（亚群）个体提供正确的支持方案。

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来源期刊

International Clinical Psychopharmacology 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

23.10%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： International Clinical Psychopharmacology provides an essential link between research and clinical practice throughout psychopharmacology. It reports on studies in human subjects, both healthy volunteers and patients, which relate the effects of drugs on psychological processes. A major objective of the journal is to publish fully refereed papers which throw light on the ways in which the study of psychotropic drugs can increase our understanding of psychopharmacology. To this end the journal publishes results of early Phase I and II studies, as well as those of controlled clinical trials of psychotropic drugs in Phase II and IV. Other topics covered include the epidemiology of psychotropic drug prescribing and drug taking, the sociology of psychotropic drugs including compliance, and research into the safety and adverse effects of these compounds.