Antibody Response to the Sneathia vaginalis Cytopathogenic Toxin A during Pregnancy.

Q3 Medicine ImmunoHorizons Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI:10.4049/immunohorizons.2400001
Zion T McCoy, Myrna G Serrano, Laahirie Edupuganti, Katherine M Spaine, David J Edwards, Gregory A Buck, Kimberly K Jefferson
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Abstract

Sneathia vaginalis is a Gram-negative vaginal species that is associated with pregnancy complications. It produces cytopathogenic toxin A (CptA), a pore-forming toxin. To determine whether CptA is expressed in vivo and to examine the mucosal Ab response to the toxin, we examined human midvaginal swab samples obtained during pregnancy for IgM, IgA, and IgG Abs with CptA affinity. This subcohort study included samples from 93 pregnant people. S. vaginalis relative abundance was available through 16S rRNA survey. There were 22 samples from pregnancies that resulted in preterm birth in which S. vaginalis relative abundance was <0.005%, 22 samples from pregnancies that resulted in preterm birth with S. vaginalis ≥0.005%, 24 samples from pregnancies that resulted in term birth with S. vaginalis <0.005%, and 25 samples from pregnancies that resulted in term birth with S. vaginalis ≥0.005%. IgM, IgA, and IgG with affinity for CptA were assessed by ELISA. The capacity for the samples to neutralize CptA was quantified by hemolysis assay. All three Ab isotypes were detectable within different subsets of the samples. There was no significant association between relative abundance of S. vaginalis and the presence of any Ab isotype. The majority of vaginal swab samples containing detectable levels of anti-CptA Abs neutralized the hemolytic activity of CptA, with the strongest correlation between IgA and neutralizing activity. These results demonstrate that S. vaginalis produces CptA in vivo and that CptA is recognized by the host immune defenses, resulting in the production of Abs with toxin-neutralizing ability.

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孕期对阴道鼻疽细胞致病毒素 A 的抗体反应
阴道念珠菌(Sneathia vaginalis)是一种革兰氏阴性阴道病菌,与妊娠并发症有关。它能产生细胞致病毒素 A(CptA),这是一种形成孔隙的毒素。为了确定 CptA 是否在体内表达,并检查粘膜抗体对该毒素的反应,我们对妊娠期间获得的人类中阴道拭子样本进行了检查,以检测与 CptA 具有亲和力的 IgM、IgA 和 IgG 抗体。这项亚队列研究包括来自 93 名孕妇的样本。阴道杆菌的相对丰度可通过 16S rRNA 调查获得。有 22 份样本来自早产孕妇,其中阴道杆菌的相对丰度为
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CiteScore
3.70
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4 weeks
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