A comprehensive review of the vertebral artery anatomy

IF 1.5 4区医学 Q4 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Neurochirurgie Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI:10.1016/j.neuchi.2023.101518

Jean-Baptiste Peeters , Tania Idriceanu , Gilles El Hage , Tristan Martin , Céline Salaud , Pierre-Olivier Champagne , Michel W. Bojanowski

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Abstract

Background

The vertebral arteries (VA) play a critical role by supplying nearly one-third of the brain’s blood flow, predominantly contributing to the posterior circulation. These arteries may need to be exposed in a various cranial and cervical procedures and offers access to investigate or treat vascular lesions by endovascular means related to the posterior circulation. Given its complex anatomy, which is subject to numerous variations, and its role in supplying vital brain regions, a thorough understanding of the VA’s anatomy is paramount for any related procedure.

Objective

To provide a comprehensive overview of vertebral artery anatomy and its relevance in contemporary clinical practice.

Methods

Dissection of the entire vertebral artery length using cadaveric specimen, combined with a comprehensive literature review.

Results

The vertebral artery can be subdivided into four segments. Each of these segments has its own unique topographic anatomy with its variations, anastomoses, and significance in surgery.

Conclusion

As surgical and endovascular techniques continue to evolve with technological improvements, we are now more equipped than ever to manage complex lesions involving the VA. However, with its increasingly complexity comes the necessity for a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of the VA. Possessing the detailed knowledge of the VA is vital for the successful execution of any procedure involving it.

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全面回顾椎动脉解剖。

背景：椎动脉（VA）供应着大脑近三分之一的血流，对后循环起着至关重要的作用。在各种颅脑和颈椎手术中可能需要暴露这些动脉，并通过与后循环相关的血管内手段提供检查或治疗血管病变的通道。鉴于其复杂的解剖结构和在供应重要脑区方面的作用，透彻了解椎动脉的解剖结构对于任何相关手术都至关重要：全面概述椎动脉解剖及其与当代临床实践的相关性：方法：使用尸体标本解剖整个椎动脉长度，并结合全面的文献综述：结果：椎动脉可细分为四个节段。结果：椎动脉可细分为四个节段，每个节段都有其独特的地形解剖、变化、吻合和手术意义：随着外科手术和血管内技术的不断发展和技术改进，我们现在比以往任何时候都更有能力处理涉及 VA 的复杂病变。然而，随着血管病变的日益复杂，我们必须对血管病变有更深入、更全面的了解。掌握有关视网膜血管的详细知识对于成功实施任何涉及视网膜血管的手术至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Neurochirurgie 医学-临床神经学

CiteScore

2.70

自引率

6.20%

发文量

100

审稿时长

29 days

期刊介绍： Neurochirurgie publishes articles on treatment, teaching and research, neurosurgery training and the professional aspects of our discipline, and also the history and progress of neurosurgery. It focuses on pathologies of the head, spine and central and peripheral nervous systems and their vascularization. All aspects of the specialty are dealt with: trauma, tumor, degenerative disease, infection, vascular pathology, and radiosurgery, and pediatrics. Transversal studies are also welcome: neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neurology, neuropediatrics, psychiatry, neuropsychology, physical medicine and neurologic rehabilitation, neuro-anesthesia, neurologic intensive care, neuroradiology, functional exploration, neuropathology, neuro-ophthalmology, otoneurology, maxillofacial surgery, neuro-endocrinology and spine surgery. Technical and methodological aspects are also taken onboard: diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, methods for assessing results, epidemiology, surgical, interventional and radiological techniques, simulations and pathophysiological hypotheses, and educational tools. The editorial board may refuse submissions that fail to meet the journal''s aims and scope; such studies will not be peer-reviewed, and the editor in chief will promptly inform the corresponding author, so as not to delay submission to a more suitable journal. With a view to attracting an international audience of both readers and writers, Neurochirurgie especially welcomes articles in English, and gives priority to original studies. Other kinds of article - reviews, case reports, technical notes and meta-analyses - are equally published. Every year, a special edition is dedicated to the topic selected by the French Society of Neurosurgery for its annual report.