Low soil Moisture Slows Uptake and Elimination Rates of Phenanthrene in Springtails.

Abstract

This study investigated the influence of soil water status on the toxicokinetics of phenanthrene in the springtail Folsomia candida allowing estimation of uptake and elimination rates at two contrasting soil water potentials. Fitting a three-phase model to the observations showed that uptake rate (k_u) was almost two times higher in moist soil (-2 kPa) than in dry soil (-360 kPa). During the first days of the exposure, elimination rate (k_e) was not significantly different in moist and dry soil, but after eight days k_e had increased significantly more in moist soil than in dry soil. Our results confirm the general notion that the exposure route via soil pore water is important. Understanding the significance of soil moisture in exposure and effects of contaminants on soil invertebrates is crucial for assessing the ecological risks associated with soil pollution in a changing climate.