Are there associations between sedentary time inside and outside preschools with preschoolers' executive function?

IF 1.6 3区 心理学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Child Neuropsychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-28 DOI:10.1080/09297049.2024.2310101
Thaynã Bezerra, Irene Esteban-Cornejo, Natalia Goulart, Jorge Mota, Anastácio Souza Filho, Cain C T Clark, Paulo Bandeira, Clarice Maria de Lucena Martins
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Abstract

Preschool children spend a large part of their day at school, and a large part of that time they spend in sedentary time. Although sedentary time negatively affects regions of the brain responsible for cognition, it is believed that the type of sedentary time performed can favor executive functions' performance. The present study explored the associations between sedentary time inside and outside preschools with executive function (EF) tasks in preschoolers. Seventy-three preschool children (60% girls; 55.0 ± 9.1 months of age) were objectively assessed for sedentary time and physical activity (PA) using accelerometers (wGT3X). EF was evaluated using the Go/No-Go paradigm through the Early Years Toolbox - YET. Go's inverse efficiency (IE) and the No-Go accuracy were analyzed. To establish possible associations between EF and sedentary time, a structural equation model was conducted after adjustments for sex, age, body mass index, and moderate-to-vigorous PA. A significant and positive association between sedentary time on weekend days and IE (b = 0.61; p < .001) was observed. The general model explained 52% of the variation in IE and 2.1% in the accuracy of No-Go. The sedentary time on weekend days seems to be related to worse EI. This result emphasizes a context-dependent association between time being sedentary and preschoolers' EF. Further investigations should focus on exploring the type of sedentary behavior children are engaged in different contexts.

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幼儿园内外的久坐时间与学龄前儿童的执行功能是否有关联?
学龄前儿童每天大部分时间都在学校度过,其中大部分时间都是久坐不动。虽然久坐会对大脑中负责认知的区域产生负面影响,但人们认为,久坐的类型会有利于执行功能的表现。本研究探讨了学龄前儿童在幼儿园内外的久坐时间与执行功能(EF)任务之间的关联。研究使用加速度计(wGT3X)对 73 名学龄前儿童(60% 为女孩;55.0 ± 9.1 月龄)的久坐时间和体力活动(PA)进行了客观评估。通过 "幼儿工具箱"(YET)使用围棋/围棋范式对幼儿的运动效率进行了评估。对围棋的反效率(IE)和不围棋的准确性进行了分析。为了确定 EF 与久坐时间之间可能存在的联系,在对性别、年龄、体重指数和中度至剧烈运动时间进行调整后,建立了一个结构方程模型。周末日的久坐时间与 IE 之间存在明显的正相关(b = 0.61;p = 0.01)。
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来源期刊
Child Neuropsychology
Child Neuropsychology 医学-临床神经学
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
9.10%
发文量
71
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The purposes of Child Neuropsychology are to: publish research on the neuropsychological effects of disorders which affect brain functioning in children and adolescents, publish research on the neuropsychological dimensions of development in childhood and adolescence and promote the integration of theory, method and research findings in child/developmental neuropsychology. The primary emphasis of Child Neuropsychology is to publish original empirical research. Theoretical and methodological papers and theoretically relevant case studies are welcome. Critical reviews of topics pertinent to child/developmental neuropsychology are encouraged. Emphases of interest include the following: information processing mechanisms; the impact of injury or disease on neuropsychological functioning; behavioral cognitive and pharmacological approaches to treatment/intervention; psychosocial correlates of neuropsychological dysfunction; definitive normative, reliability, and validity studies of psychometric and other procedures used in the neuropsychological assessment of children and adolescents. Articles on both normal and dysfunctional development that are relevant to the aforementioned dimensions are welcome. Multiple approaches (e.g., basic, applied, clinical) and multiple methodologies (e.g., cross-sectional, longitudinal, experimental, multivariate, correlational) are appropriate. Books, media, and software reviews will be published.
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