A landscape of consciousness: Toward a taxonomy of explanations and implications

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ACS Applied Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2024-01-26 DOI:10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.12.003

Robert Lawrence Kuhn

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Abstract

Diverse explanations or theories of consciousness are arrayed on a roughly physicalist-to-nonphysicalist landscape of essences and mechanisms. Categories: Materialism Theories (philosophical, neurobiological, electromagnetic field, computational and informational, homeostatic and affective, embodied and enactive, relational, representational, language, phylogenetic evolution); Non-Reductive Physicalism; Quantum Theories; Integrated Information Theory; Panpsychisms; Monisms; Dualisms; Idealisms; Anomalous and Altered States Theories; Challenge Theories. There are many subcategories, especially for Materialism Theories. Each explanation is self-described by its adherents, critique is minimal and only for clarification, and there is no attempt to adjudicate among theories. The implications of consciousness explanations or theories are assessed with respect to: meaning/purpose/value (if any); AI consciousness; virtual immortality; and survival beyond death. A Landscape of Consciousness, I suggest, offers perspective.

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意识的景观：意识的景观：解释和影响的分类法。

关于意识的各种解释或理论，大致从物理主义到非物理主义的本质和机制。类别：唯物主义理论（哲学、神经生物学、电磁场、计算与信息、同态与情感、具身与能动、关系、表征、语言、系统进化）；非演绎物理主义；量子理论；综合信息理论；泛心理主义；一元论；二元论；理想主义；超自然与改变状态理论；挑战理论。还有许多子类别，尤其是唯物主义理论。每种解释都由其拥护者自我描述，批评很少，只是为了澄清，而且没有试图对各种理论进行裁决。对意识类别的解释或理论的影响进行了评估，涉及：意义/目的/价值（如果有的话）；人工智能意识；虚拟永生；以及超越死亡的生存。我认为，意识景观提供了一种视角。

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