{"title":"First record of Posnanskytherium (Notoungulata, Toxodontidae) in the late Neogene of eastern Puna, Argentina","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s10914-023-09700-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Records of the toxodontid <em>Posnanskytherium</em> were only known from the Pliocene levels of the Bolivian Altiplano and southern Peru. <em>Posnanskytherium desaguaderoi</em> (type species), <em>P. inchasense</em>, <em>P. viscachanense</em>, and <em>P. pacis</em> are the four species recognized so far. In this contribution, we present the first remains of <em>Posnanskytherium desaguaderoi</em> (incomplete skull and fragmentary mandibles) from the Casira locality (Upper Member of the Tafna Formation, Pliocene), eastern Puna, Jujuy Province, Argentina, and provide an extended diagnosis of the genus and the type species. A new phylogenetic analysis recovers <em>Posnanskytherium</em> as a monophyletic clade, with <em>P. desaguaderoi</em> as the sister taxon of <em>P. inchasense</em> and <em>P. viscachanense</em>. The body mass calculated for all <em>Posnanskytherium</em> species indicates that <em>P. desaguaderoi</em> has an intermediate body mass between the higher values corresponding to <em>P. viscachanense</em> and <em>P. inchasense</em> and the lower value of <em>P. pacis</em>. This finding from the eastern Argentinean Puna constitutes the northernmost record of a toxodontid in Argentina, the first appearance of <em>Posnanskytherium</em> in the country, the southernmost record of the genus, and it reinforces the paleofaunistic similarity with the Bolivian Altiplano. Evidence shows that the genus <em>Posnanskytherium</em> had a wide distribution during the late Neogene, ranging from southern Peru to northern Argentina, reaching a greater diversification in the Bolivian Altiplano during the Pliocene.</p>","PeriodicalId":50158,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mammalian Evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Mammalian Evolution","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-023-09700-5","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ZOOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Records of the toxodontid Posnanskytherium were only known from the Pliocene levels of the Bolivian Altiplano and southern Peru. Posnanskytherium desaguaderoi (type species), P. inchasense, P. viscachanense, and P. pacis are the four species recognized so far. In this contribution, we present the first remains of Posnanskytherium desaguaderoi (incomplete skull and fragmentary mandibles) from the Casira locality (Upper Member of the Tafna Formation, Pliocene), eastern Puna, Jujuy Province, Argentina, and provide an extended diagnosis of the genus and the type species. A new phylogenetic analysis recovers Posnanskytherium as a monophyletic clade, with P. desaguaderoi as the sister taxon of P. inchasense and P. viscachanense. The body mass calculated for all Posnanskytherium species indicates that P. desaguaderoi has an intermediate body mass between the higher values corresponding to P. viscachanense and P. inchasense and the lower value of P. pacis. This finding from the eastern Argentinean Puna constitutes the northernmost record of a toxodontid in Argentina, the first appearance of Posnanskytherium in the country, the southernmost record of the genus, and it reinforces the paleofaunistic similarity with the Bolivian Altiplano. Evidence shows that the genus Posnanskytherium had a wide distribution during the late Neogene, ranging from southern Peru to northern Argentina, reaching a greater diversification in the Bolivian Altiplano during the Pliocene.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Mammalian Evolution is a multidisciplinary forum devoted to studies on the comparative morphology, molecular biology, paleobiology, genetics, developmental and reproductive biology, biogeography, systematics, ethology and ecology, and population dynamics of mammals and the ways that these diverse data can be analyzed for the reconstruction of mammalian evolution. The journal publishes high-quality peer-reviewed original articles and reviews derived from both laboratory and field studies. The journal serves as an international forum to facilitate communication among researchers in the multiple fields that contribute to our understanding of mammalian evolutionary biology.