Unveiling the mechanism of attaining high fill factor in silicon solar cells

IF 8 2区 材料科学 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Progress in Photovoltaics Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI:10.1002/pip.3775
Hao Lin, Genshun Wang, Qiao Su, Can Han, Chaowei Xue, Shi Yin, Liang Fang, Xixiang Xu, Pingqi Gao
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Abstract

A world record conversion efficiency of 26.81% has been achieved recently by LONGi team on a solar cell with industry-grade silicon wafer (274 cm2, M6 size). An unparalleled high fill factor (FF) of up to 86.59% has also been certified in a separated device. The theoretical FF limit has been predicted to be 89.26%, while the practical FF is far below this limit for a prolonged interval due to the constraints of recombination (i.e., SRH recombination) and series resistance. The ideality factor (m) in the equivalent circuit of silicon solar cells is consistently ranging from 1 to 2 and rarely falls below 1, resulting in a relatively lower FF than 85%. Here, this work complements a systematic simulation study to demonstrate how to approach the FF limit in design of silicon solar cells. Firstly, a diode component with an ideality factor equal to 2/3 corresponding to Auger recombination is incorporated in the equivalent circuit for LONGi ultra-high FF solar cell; Secondly, an advanced equivalent circuit is put forward for comprehensive analysis of bulk recombination and surface recombination on the performance, in which specific ideality factors are directly correlated with various recombination mechanisms exhibiting explicit reverse saturation current density (J0). Finally, we evaluate precisely the route for approaching theoretical FF in practical solar cell fabrication based on electrical design parameters using the developed model.

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揭示硅太阳能电池获得高填充因子的机理
最近,隆基团队在使用工业级硅晶片(274 平方厘米,M6 尺寸)的太阳能电池上实现了 26.81% 的世界纪录转换效率。此外,还在一个分离式设备中实现了高达 86.59% 的无与伦比的高填充因子 (FF)。据预测,理论填充因子上限为 89.26%,但由于重组(即 SRH 重组)和串联电阻的限制,实际填充因子在很长一段时间内都远远低于这一上限。硅太阳能电池等效电路中的意向性因子(m)一直在 1 到 2 之间,很少低于 1,从而导致 FF 相对低于 85%。在此,这项工作补充了一项系统模拟研究,以展示如何在硅太阳能电池设计中接近 FF 限制。首先,在 LONGi 超高 FF 太阳能电池的等效电路中加入了一个理想度系数等于 2/3 的二极管元件,与奥杰尔重组相对应;其次,提出了一种先进的等效电路,用于全面分析体重组和表面重组对性能的影响,其中特定的理想度系数与各种重组机制直接相关,表现出明确的反向饱和电流密度 (J0)。最后,我们根据所开发模型的电气设计参数,精确评估了在实际太阳能电池制造中接近理论 FF 的途径。
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来源期刊
Progress in Photovoltaics
Progress in Photovoltaics 工程技术-能源与燃料
CiteScore
18.10
自引率
7.50%
发文量
130
审稿时长
5.4 months
期刊介绍: Progress in Photovoltaics offers a prestigious forum for reporting advances in this rapidly developing technology, aiming to reach all interested professionals, researchers and energy policy-makers. The key criterion is that all papers submitted should report substantial “progress” in photovoltaics. Papers are encouraged that report substantial “progress” such as gains in independently certified solar cell efficiency, eligible for a new entry in the journal''s widely referenced Solar Cell Efficiency Tables. Examples of papers that will not be considered for publication are those that report development in materials without relation to data on cell performance, routine analysis, characterisation or modelling of cells or processing sequences, routine reports of system performance, improvements in electronic hardware design, or country programs, although invited papers may occasionally be solicited in these areas to capture accumulated “progress”.
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Cover Image Issue Information Photovoltaics Literature Survey (No. 196) Cover Image Issue Information
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