Composition and oxidative stability of silflower (Silphium integrifolium) seed oil and its potential as a new source of squalene

IF 1.9 4区 农林科学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI:10.1002/aocs.12814
Hong-Sik Hwang, Sean X. Liu, Jill K. Winkler-Moser, Mukti Singh, David L. Van Tassel
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Abstract

Silphium integrifolium Michx. (silflower), a perennial plant, is of great interest as a potential new oilseed crop due to its long, strong, deep, extensive root systems, which can prevent erosion, capture dissolved nitrogen, and out-compete weeds eliminating the need for frequent irrigation and herbicide uses. In this study, oil was extracted from unhulled silflower seeds, and its composition and oxidative stability were evaluated. The oil content in unhulled silflower seeds was 15.2% (wt/wt), and its fatty acid composition was similar to that of sunflower oil. The level of total polar compounds (TPC) in the oil was 12.3% (wt/wt), and the content of total phenolics was 1.12 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g oil. Noteworthily, 4.89% squalene was isolated from silflower oil indicating its potential application as an alternative source of squalene. Silflower oil had lower oxidative stability as indicated by the oxidative stability index (OSI) at 110°C and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), presumably due to its high level of chlorophyll (1002.8 mg/kg). Even after a typical refining process involving degumming, alkali refining, and bleaching with Fuller's earth, silflower oil contained 725.5 mg/kg chlorophyll, and its oxidative stability was not improved. Further treatments with bleaching agents including bentonite, sepiolite, and Tonsil® lowered the chlorophyll level to 4.2, 474.5, and 38.5 mg/kg, respectively, and some aspects of oxidative stability were improved and better than those of refined sunflower oil. This study presents the potential of silflower oil as new edible oil and a great plant source of squalene.

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丝兰(Silphium integrifolium)种子油的成分和氧化稳定性及其作为角鲨烯新来源的潜力
Silphium integrifolium Michx.(绢花)是一种多年生植物,因其根系长、粗、深、广,可防止水土流失、捕捉溶解氮、与杂草竞争而无需频繁灌溉和使用除草剂,因此作为一种潜在的新型油料作物而备受关注。本研究从去壳硅花种子中提取了油,并对其成分和氧化稳定性进行了评估。去壳葵花籽的含油量为 15.2%(重量比),其脂肪酸组成与葵花籽油相似。油中总极性化合物(TPC)含量为 12.3%(重量/重量),总酚类化合物含量为 1.12 毫克没食子酸当量(GAE)/克油。值得注意的是,从葵花籽油中分离出了 4.89% 的角鲨烯,这表明葵花籽油有可能被用作角鲨烯的替代来源。110°C 时的氧化稳定性指数(OSI)和热重分析(TGA)表明,雏菊油的氧化稳定性较低,这可能是由于其叶绿素含量较高(1002.8 mg/kg)。即使经过脱胶、碱精炼和富勒土漂白等典型精炼过程,葵花籽油仍含有 725.5 毫克/千克叶绿素,其氧化稳定性也没有得到改善。使用膨润土、海泡石和 Tonsil® 等漂白剂进一步处理后,叶绿素含量分别降至 4.2、474.5 和 38.5 毫克/千克,氧化稳定性的某些方面也得到改善,优于精炼葵花籽油。这项研究揭示了葵花籽油作为新型食用油和角鲨烯重要植物来源的潜力。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
5.00%
发文量
95
审稿时长
2.4 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society (JAOCS) is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes significant original scientific research and technological advances on fats, oils, oilseed proteins, and related materials through original research articles, invited reviews, short communications, and letters to the editor. We seek to publish reports that will significantly advance scientific understanding through hypothesis driven research, innovations, and important new information pertaining to analysis, properties, processing, products, and applications of these food and industrial resources. Breakthroughs in food science and technology, biotechnology (including genomics, biomechanisms, biocatalysis and bioprocessing), and industrial products and applications are particularly appropriate. JAOCS also considers reports on the lipid composition of new, unique, and traditional sources of lipids that definitively address a research hypothesis and advances scientific understanding. However, the genus and species of the source must be verified by appropriate means of classification. In addition, the GPS location of the harvested materials and seed or vegetative samples should be deposited in an accredited germplasm repository. Compositional data suitable for Original Research Articles must embody replicated estimate of tissue constituents, such as oil, protein, carbohydrate, fatty acid, phospholipid, tocopherol, sterol, and carotenoid compositions. Other components unique to the specific plant or animal source may be reported. Furthermore, lipid composition papers should incorporate elements of year­to­year, environmental, and/ or cultivar variations through use of appropriate statistical analyses.
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Issue Information Issue Information JAOCS special issue on advancement in plant protein-based emulsions Issue Information Issue Information
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