State and prospects of external economic activity in Russian horse breeding in 2015–2023

Abstract

The article examines the dynamics of export and import indicators of horse breeding products (in the category of goods “Live horses”) from 2015 to 2022, both in absolute and monetary terms, including taking into account the categories of breeding and use animals. For the first time, the foreign trade balance of the horse breeding industry in 2019–2022 has been analyzed, and the prospects for domestic and foreign markets for the products of Russian horse breeding farms have been assessed. It has been established that the export flows of the eastern regions of the country, and primarily the Trans-Baikal Territory, the Republic of Tyva, the Altai Territory and the Altai Republic, are focused primarily on the Republic of Kazakhstan, which makes commercial farms for the production of horses for meat production in the Siberian Federal District dependent on the political situation in Central Asia and the general state of veterinary well-being of the region. The ban on the export of horses classified as luxury goods from the European Union, introduced as part of a package of anti-Russian sanctions, affected the import of breeding and use animals, significantly limiting the opportunities for domestic consumers focused on trained horses. The state program for the development of horse breeding in the Republic of Uzbekistan may influence the increase in demand for products from enterprises involved in breeding riding horses.