Bifurcation Analysis of Bogdanov–Takens Bifurcations in Delay Differential Equations

Abstract

SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems, Volume 23, Issue 1, Page 553-591, March 2024.
Abstract. In this paper, we will perform the parameter-dependent center manifold reduction near the generic and transcritical codimension two Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation in classical delay differential equations. Using an approximation to the homoclinic solutions derived with a generalized Lindstedt–Poincaré method, we develop a method to initialize the continuation of the homoclinic bifurcation curves emanating from these points. The normal form transformation is derived in the functional analytic perturbation framework for dual semigroups (sun-star calculus) using a normalization technique based on the Fredholm alternative. The obtained expressions give explicit formulas, which have been implemented in the freely available bifurcation software package DDE-BifTool. The effectiveness is demonstrated on various models