{"title":"Multiple Mechanisms of the Therapeutic Effect of Trehalose in Inhibition of Experimental Neurodegeneration","authors":"A. B. Pupyshev, T. A. Korolenko, M. A. Tikhonova","doi":"10.1134/s1819712423040190","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The search for effective treatment for neurodegeneration implies attacking the multiple mechanisms of this pathology. Such properties were found in disaccharide trehalose, which shows therapeutic effects in models of many diseases and has been approved by the FDA for use in humans. Trehalose consists of two glucose residues bonded together by a flexible α-1-1'-glycosidic bond, giving it chaperone-like activity. Due to this, it prevents abnormal folding of aberrant proteins and has the properties of a cryo- and bioprotector. However, the main therapeutic effect is determined by the induction of mTOR-independent autophagy mediated by AMPK kinase as the main target. The result is a weakening of the accumulation of cytotoxic proteins and factors and an increase in cell viability. Autophagy activation depends on trehalose-induced lysosome and autophagosome biogenesis through activation of transcription factors TFEB and FOXO1. Trehalose has an anti-inflammatory effect closely related to the inhibition of oxidative stress. Trehalose-induced enhancement of endogenous antioxidant defense involves the regulator Nrf2. The review considers the neuroprotective effects of trehalose in models of major neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s and others. Overall, trehalose shows high therapeutic potential in the treatment of experimental neurodegeneration and thus stimulating the study of its clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":19119,"journal":{"name":"Neurochemical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Neurochemical Journal","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1819712423040190","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"NEUROSCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The search for effective treatment for neurodegeneration implies attacking the multiple mechanisms of this pathology. Such properties were found in disaccharide trehalose, which shows therapeutic effects in models of many diseases and has been approved by the FDA for use in humans. Trehalose consists of two glucose residues bonded together by a flexible α-1-1'-glycosidic bond, giving it chaperone-like activity. Due to this, it prevents abnormal folding of aberrant proteins and has the properties of a cryo- and bioprotector. However, the main therapeutic effect is determined by the induction of mTOR-independent autophagy mediated by AMPK kinase as the main target. The result is a weakening of the accumulation of cytotoxic proteins and factors and an increase in cell viability. Autophagy activation depends on trehalose-induced lysosome and autophagosome biogenesis through activation of transcription factors TFEB and FOXO1. Trehalose has an anti-inflammatory effect closely related to the inhibition of oxidative stress. Trehalose-induced enhancement of endogenous antioxidant defense involves the regulator Nrf2. The review considers the neuroprotective effects of trehalose in models of major neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s and others. Overall, trehalose shows high therapeutic potential in the treatment of experimental neurodegeneration and thus stimulating the study of its clinical application.
期刊介绍：
Neurochemical Journal (Neirokhimiya) provides a source for the communication of the latest findings in all areas of contemporary neurochemistry and other fields of relevance (including molecular biology, biochemistry, physiology, neuroimmunology, pharmacology) in an afford to expand our understanding of the functions of the nervous system. The journal presents papers on functional neurochemistry, nervous system receptors, neurotransmitters, myelin, chromaffin granules and other components of the nervous system, as well as neurophysiological and clinical aspects, behavioral reactions, etc. Relevant topics include structure and function of the nervous system proteins, neuropeptides, nucleic acids, nucleotides, lipids, and other biologically active components.
The journal is devoted to the rapid publication of regular papers containing the results of original research, reviews highlighting major developments in neurochemistry, short communications, new experimental studies that use neurochemical methodology, descriptions of new methods of value for neurochemistry, theoretical material suggesting novel principles and approaches to neurochemical problems, presentations of new hypotheses and significant findings, discussions, chronicles of congresses, meetings, and conferences with short presentations of the most sensational and timely reports, information on the activity of the Russian and International Neurochemical Societies, as well as advertisements of reagents and equipment.
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