Measuring public transport accessibility to fixed activities and discretionary opportunities: a space–time approach

IF 5.1 3区 工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION European Transport Research Review Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI:10.1186/s12544-024-00636-2
Alberto Dianin, Michael Gidam, Georg Hauger, Elisa Ravazzoli
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Abstract

The Space–Time Accessibility (STA) model is broadly used to measure person-based accessibility based on the space, time, and transport constraints experienced at the individual level in connection to the actual modal choices of observed individuals. In this paper, we propose to adjust the STA model (by introducing a so-called PT-STA model) with three core purposes: (1) focusing on public transport accessibility specifically, (2) measuring accessibility to both fixed activities and discretionary opportunities, and (3) integrating travel-time thresholds in the accessibility measurement. These three elements aim to make the PT-STA model a suitable tool to evaluate the impacts of public transport interventions on person-based accessibility and extend the evaluation of public transport accessibility to its fixed and discretionary dimensions. The PT-STA model is tested with a sample of 118 residents of the rural municipality of Mühlwald (South Tyrol, Italy). Results show that the accessibility to fixed activities and discretionary opportunities are limitedly correlated. It is possible to identify people with high accessibility to fixed activities and poor access to discretionary opportunities (typically pensioners and homemakers living in remote locations) and vice versa (e.g. people with articulated rural–urban commutes but daily visiting locations with several amenities). These results preliminarily confirm the importance of combining both accessibility dimensions in the PT-STA model since they tell complementary and not overlapped stories that are relevant for policymakers to evaluate the pros and cons of alternative public transport interventions.
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衡量公共交通对固定活动和任意机会的可达性:一种时空方法
时空可达性(STA)模型被广泛用于测量以人为基础的可达性,该模型基于个人层面所经历的空间、时间和交通限制,并与被观测个人的实际模式选择相关联。在本文中,我们建议调整 STA 模型(引入所谓的 PT-STA 模型),其核心目的有三:(1) 特别关注公共交通可达性;(2) 同时测量固定活动和自由选择机会的可达性;(3) 在可达性测量中纳入旅行时间阈值。这三个要素旨在使 PT-STA 模型成为评估公共交通干预措施对基于个人的无障碍环境影响的合适工具,并将公共交通无障碍环境的评估扩展到其固定和自由选择的层面。PT-STA 模型以 Mühlwald(意大利南蒂罗尔)农村市镇的 118 名居民为样本进行了测试。结果表明,固定活动的可达性与可自由支配的机会之间存在有限的相关性。可以识别出固定活动可及性高而可自由支配机会少的人群(通常是居住在偏远地区的养老金领取者和家庭主妇),反之亦然(例如,城乡通勤衔接但每天都去一些有多种便利设施的地方的人群)。这些结果初步证实了在 PT-STA 模型中将两个可达性维度结合起来的重要性,因为这两个维度互为补充,并不重叠,对决策者评估替代性公共交通干预措施的利弊具有重要意义。
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来源期刊
European Transport Research Review
European Transport Research Review Engineering-Mechanical Engineering
CiteScore
8.60
自引率
4.70%
发文量
49
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: European Transport Research Review (ETRR) is a peer-reviewed open access journal publishing original high-quality scholarly research and developments in areas related to transportation science, technologies, policy and practice. Established in 2008 by the European Conference of Transport Research Institutes (ECTRI), the Journal provides researchers and practitioners around the world with an authoritative forum for the dissemination and critical discussion of new ideas and methodologies that originate in, or are of special interest to, the European transport research community. The journal is unique in its field, as it covers all modes of transport and addresses both the engineering and the social science perspective, offering a truly multidisciplinary platform for researchers, practitioners, engineers and policymakers. ETRR is aimed at a readership including researchers, practitioners in the design and operation of transportation systems, and policymakers at the international, national, regional and local levels.
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