Iris Mowgood, Serafim Teknowijoyo, Sara Chahid, Armen Gulian
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Based on time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau system of equations, Éliashberg’s kinetic equations and finite element modeling, we analyze phonon emission by the phase-slip centers in superconducting filaments. Our results show that in the dissipative regime with these centers, thin superconducting filaments can be effective in originating not only positive but also negative thermal fluxes, i.e., they both generate and absorb phonons. In a stationary oscillatory regime, at a given moment of time, this generation and absorption of phonons reveals itself as positive and negative spectrum of phonons at different spectral ranges. Moreover, at a given spectral range, the emission reverses its sign during the period of oscillation. This fact is associated with the reciprocation of the energy emission and absorption at different spectral intervals during the oscillation period of the phase-slip center. The integral value of energy over the whole spectral range is time-dependent, being positive for some part of the period and negative for the rest of it. Its time integral over the period reveals a positive value, which corresponds to the total energy released in this dissipative state of superconducting filament. In a simple case, when the filament is embedded in a thermal heat bath (substrates typically play that role), this energy dissipates, elevating locally the temperature of filament’s environment. However, in a more sophisticated design, the positive and negative fluxes may become separated. This can be achieved by using the thermal diode effect (the Kapitza boundaries can play the role of such diodes). Such a separation may yield to the net cooling of some part of the filament environment, while the other part will serve as a heat sink. Thus, with an appropriate design of their thermal surroundings, the phase-slip centers can serve as effective solid-state cooling engines. They may be effective for reducing further the cryostat cold finger temperature; for example, from 1 K to sub-K temperatures.
摘要基于时间相关的金兹堡-朗道方程组、埃利亚什伯格动力学方程和有限元建模，我们分析了超导丝中相滑中心的声子发射。我们的研究结果表明，在有这些中心的耗散状态下，细超导丝不仅能有效地产生正的热通量，也能有效地产生负的热通量，也就是说，它们既能产生声子，也能吸收声子。在静态振荡机制中，在给定的时间内，声子的产生和吸收表现为不同光谱范围的正负声子谱。此外，在给定的光谱范围内，声子的发射在振荡期间会反转其符号。这与相位滑动中心振荡期间不同光谱区间的能量发射和吸收互为因果有关。整个光谱范围内的能量积分值与时间有关，在振荡周期的某些时段为正值，其余时段为负值。它在整个周期内的时间积分为正值，相当于超导丝在这种耗散状态下释放的总能量。在简单的情况下，当超导丝嵌入热浴盆中时（基板通常起到这种作用），这种能量就会耗散，使超导丝所处环境的局部温度升高。然而，在更复杂的设计中，正负通量可能会分离。这可以通过热二极管效应来实现（卡皮查边界可以起到这种二极管的作用）。这种分离可以使灯丝环境的某些部分实现净冷却，而另一部分则充当散热器。因此，只要对其热环境进行适当设计，相位滑动中心就能成为有效的固态冷却引擎。它们可以有效地进一步降低低温恒温器的冷指温度，例如从 1 K 降到亚 K 温度。
期刊介绍：
The journal covers a wide range of issues in information optics such as optical memory, mechanisms for optical data recording and processing, photosensitive materials, optical, optoelectronic and holographic nanostructures, and many other related topics. Papers on memory systems using holographic and biological structures and concepts of brain operation are also included. The journal pays particular attention to research in the field of neural net systems that may lead to a new generation of computional technologies by endowing them with intelligence.
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