Structure of putative epidermal sensory receptors in an acoel flatworm, Praesagittifera naikaiensis

IF 3.2 3区生物学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Cell and Tissue Research Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI:10.1007/s00441-024-03865-y

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Abstract

Acoel flatworms possess epidermal sensory-receptor cells on their body surfaces and exhibit behavioral repertoires such as geotaxis and phototaxis. Acoel epidermal sensory receptors should be mechanical and/or chemical receptors; however, the mechanisms of their sensory reception have not been elucidated. We examined the three-dimensional relationship between epidermal sensory receptors and their innervation in an acoel flatworm, Praesagittifera naikaiensis. The distribution of the sensory receptors was different between the ventral and dorsal sides of worms. The nervous system was mainly composed of a peripheral nerve net, an anterior brain, and three pairs of longitudinal nerve cords. The nerve net was located closer to the body surface than the brain and the nerve cords. The sensory receptors have neural connections with the nerve net in the entire body of worms. We identified five homologs of polycystic kidney disease (PKD): PKD1-1, PKD1-2, PKD1-3, PKD1-4, and, PKD2, from the P. naikaiensis genome. All of these PKD genes were implied to be expressed in the epidermal sensory receptors of P. naikaiensis. PKD1-1 and PKD2 were dispersed across the entire body of worms. PKD1-2, PKD1-3, and PKD1-4 were expressed in the anterior region of worms. PKD1-4 was also expressed around the mouth opening. Our results indicated that P. naikaiensis possessed several types of epidermal sensory receptors to convert various environmental stimuli into electrical signals via the PKD channels and transmit the signals to afferent nerve and/or effector cells.

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鳗扁虫（Praesagittifera naikaiensis）假定表皮感觉受体的结构

摘要扁平蠕虫体表具有表皮感觉受体细胞，并表现出地轴和光轴等行为。阿科尔扁形虫表皮感觉受体应该是机械和/或化学受体，但其感觉接收机制尚未阐明。我们研究了阿科尔扁形虫（Praesagittifera naikaiensis）表皮感觉受体及其神经支配之间的三维关系。感觉受体在虫体腹侧和背侧的分布不同。神经系统主要由外周神经网、前脑和三对纵向神经索组成。神经网比大脑和神经索更靠近体表。感觉受体与整个虫体的神经网有神经连接。我们发现了多囊肾病（PKD）的五个同源物：PKD1-1、PKD1-2、PKD1-3、PKD1-4 和 PKD2。所有这些 PKD 基因都可能在 P. naikaiensis 的表皮感觉受体中表达。PKD1-1和PKD2分散在整个蠕虫体内。PKD1-2、PKD1-3和PKD1-4在蠕虫的前部区域表达。PKD1-4也在虫口周围表达。我们的研究结果表明，奈凯氏虫具有多种类型的表皮感觉受体，可通过PKD通道将各种环境刺激转化为电信号，并将信号传递给传入神经和/或效应细胞。

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来源期刊

Cell and Tissue Research 生物-细胞生物学

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

2.80%

发文量

142

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： The journal publishes regular articles and reviews in the areas of molecular, cell, and supracellular biology. In particular, the journal intends to provide a forum for publishing data that analyze the supracellular, integrative actions of gene products and their impact on the formation of tissue structure and function. Submission of papers with an emphasis on structure-function relationships as revealed by recombinant molecular technologies is especially encouraged. Areas of research with a long-standing tradition of publishing in Cell & Tissue Research include: - neurobiology - neuroendocrinology - endocrinology - reproductive biology - skeletal and immune systems - development - stem cells - muscle biology.