Trend in Respite Use by Race Among Caregivers for People Living With Dementia.

Yeunkyung Kim, Jihye Kim, Hyunjee Kim, Sungchul Park, Yue Li
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Abstract

Background: Respite care provides short-term relief for caregivers. Despite efforts to promote respite use among Black caregivers, little is known if disparities in respite use between Black and White dementia caregivers have decreased over time. We examined a trend nationally to see if more recent efforts may have helped reduce disparities in respite use.

Methods: We used a repeated cross-sectional design, with the data from 2015, 2017, and 2021 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study and National Study of Caregiving. Our study sample included 764 (in 2015), 839 (in 2017), and 521 (in 2021) non-Hispanic White and Black caregivers who provided care to older adults living with dementia, representing weighted 5 157 569 (2015), 5 877 997 (2017), and 4 712 144 (2021) dementia caregivers nationally. We conducted logistic regression models to assess the differences in respite use between White and Black caregivers over time.

Results: In 2015, Black dementia caregivers had a respite care use rate 11.6 percentage points (95% CI: -16.9 to -6.4) lower than that of White dementia caregivers. However, both in 2017 and 2021, the difference in the use of respite was not statistically significant, leading to a reduced or no gap in respite use between White and Black dementia caregivers. However, respite use remained low in both groups.

Conclusions: Although the gap in respite use between Black and White dementia caregivers had been gradually narrowed over time, more efforts are needed to encourage more respite use among both groups through targeted efforts to address factors that hinder respite use.

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痴呆症患者照顾者使用临时护理的种族趋势。
背景:临时护理为照护者提供短期缓解。尽管我们努力促进黑人护理者使用临时护理,但黑人和白人痴呆症护理者之间使用临时护理的差距是否随着时间的推移而缩小,我们对此知之甚少。我们对全国范围内的趋势进行了研究,以了解最近的努力是否有助于减少临时护理使用方面的差异:我们采用了重复横断面设计,使用了 2015 年、2017 年和 2021 年的 "全国健康与老龄化趋势研究 "和 "全国护理研究 "的数据。我们的研究样本包括 764 名(2015 年)、839 名(2017 年)和 521 名(2021 年)为患有痴呆症的老年人提供护理的非西班牙裔白人和黑人护理人员,分别代表全国加权的 5157569 名(2015 年)、5877997 名(2017 年)和 4712144 名(2021 年)痴呆症护理人员。我们建立了逻辑回归模型,以评估白人和黑人照护者在不同时期使用临时护理服务的差异:2015年,黑人痴呆症照护者的临时护理使用率比白人痴呆症照护者低11.6个百分点(95% CI:-16.9至-6.4)。然而,在 2017 年和 2021 年,临时护理使用率的差异在统计学上并不显著,这导致白人和黑人痴呆症照护者之间的临时护理使用率差距缩小或没有差距。然而,这两个群体的临时护理使用率仍然很低:尽管随着时间的推移,黑人和白人痴呆症照护者在临时护理使用方面的差距已逐渐缩小,但仍需做出更多努力,通过有针对性地解决阻碍临时护理使用的因素,鼓励这两个群体更多地使用临时护理。
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