Impact of an educational intervention about healthy lifestyles in teenagers

Abstract

Background

During the last years, lifestyle has worsened along the entire European population, causing an alarming boom-up regarding overweight and obese people. Pediatric population is also influenced in this sense, which may predispose to suffer from several diseases in adulthood. Educational interventions at early ages could be an effective strategy to face this situation.

Aim

To describe the impact of an educational intervention about healthy lifestyle in adolescents.

Methods

A quasi-experimental study analyzing the knowledge of high school students, before and after a brief educational intervention based on a self-elaborated questionnaire including questions from the validated questionnaire CAPA (from Spanish, Conocimientos en Alimentación de Personas Adolescentes).

Results

The results of this study show a significant increase in knowledge about healthy lifestyles in the study population after the educational intervention (14.3 ± 3.8 vs. 16.5 ± 4.5; p < 0.001). In addition, this improvement presents an asymmetric distribution according to gender (13.2 ± 3.6 vs. 14.9 ± 4.6; p = 0.002 in men; 15.6 ± 3 vs. 18.1 ± 3.6; p < 0.001 in women) and the type of educational center (14.17 ± 3.6 vs. 16.48 ± 4.17; p < 0.001 in public schools and 14.86 ± 4.15 vs. 16.54 ± 5.32; p = 0.047 in private schools). Parents’ educational level was associated with improvement in knowledge about healthy lifestyles (13.44 ± 2.9 vs. 15.67 ± 5.37; p = 0.132 at low level, 14.22 ± 3.42 vs. 16.9 ± 4.68; p < 0.001 at medium level and 15.75 ± 3.3 vs. 17.39 ± 4.5; p = 0.022 at high level).

Conclusion

Educational intervention taught by primary health care professionals is a useful and efficient tool for the acquisition of nutritional and healthy lifestyle knowledge in adolescents.