Optimizing the enzymatic production of biolubricants by the Taguchi method: Esterification of the free fatty acids from castor oil with 2-ethyl-1-hexanol catalyzed by Eversa Transform 2.0

IF 3.4 3区生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Enzyme and Microbial Technology Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI:10.1016/j.enzmictec.2024.110409

Rodolpho R.C. Monteiro , Maria M.F. de Melo Neta , Wesley S. Rocha , Jorge B. Soares , F. Murilo T. de Luna , Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente , Rodrigo S. Vieira

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Abstract

The solvent-free esterification of the free fatty acids (FFAs) obtained by the hydrolysis of castor oil (a non-edible vegetable oil) with 2-ethyl-1-hexanol (a branched fatty alcohol) was catalyzed by different free lipases. Eversa Transform 2.0 (ETL) features surpassed most commercial lipases. Some process parameters were optimized by the Taguchi method (L16′). As a result, a conversion over 95% of the FFAs of castor oil into esters with lubricants properties was achieved under optimized reaction conditions (15 wt% of biocatalyst content, 1:4 molar ratio (FFAs/alcohol), 30 °C, 180 rpm, 96 h). The substrates molar ratio had the highest influence on the dependent variable (conversion at 24 h). FFAs/2-ethyl-1-hexanol esters were characterized regarding the physicochemical and tribological properties. Interestingly, the modification of the FFAs with 2-ethyl-1-hexanol by ETL increased the oxidative stability of the FFAs feedstock from 0.18 h to 16.83 h. The biolubricants presented a lower friction coefficient than the reference commercial mineral lubricant (0.052 ± 0.07 against 0.078 ± 0.04). Under these conditions, ETL catalyzed the oligomerization of ricinoleic acid (a hydroxyl fatty acid) into estolides, reaching a conversion of 25.15% of the initial FFAs (for the first time).

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用田口方法优化生物润滑剂的酶法生产：用 Eversa Transform 2.0 将蓖麻油中的游离脂肪酸与 2-乙基-1-己醇酯化

不同的游离脂肪酶催化了蓖麻油（一种非食用植物油）与 2-乙基-1-己醇（一种支链脂肪醇）水解得到的游离脂肪酸（FFAs）的无溶剂酯化反应。Eversa Transform 2.0（ETL）的功能超过了大多数商用脂肪酶。采用田口方法（L16'）对一些工艺参数进行了优化。结果，在优化的反应条件下（生物催化剂含量为 15 wt.%，摩尔比（FFAs/酒精）为 1:4，温度为 30 °C，转速为 180 rpm，时间为 96 小时），蓖麻油中 95% 以上的 FFAs 转化为具有润滑油特性的酯。底物摩尔比对因变量（24 小时后的转化率）的影响最大。FFAs/2-ethyl-1-hexanol esters 的物理化学和摩擦学特性得到了表征。有趣的是，ETL 用 2-ethyl-1-hexanol 对 FFAs 进行改性后，FFAs 原料的氧化稳定性从 0.18 小时提高到了 16.83 小时。生物润滑剂的摩擦系数低于参考的商用矿物润滑剂（0.052 ± 0.07 对 0.078 ± 0.04）。在这些条件下，ETL 催化了蓖麻油酸（一种羟基脂肪酸）向雌醇内酯的低聚，其转化率达到了初始 FFAs 的 25.15%（首次）。

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来源期刊

Enzyme and Microbial Technology 生物-生物工程与应用微生物

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

5.90%

发文量

142

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Enzyme and Microbial Technology is an international, peer-reviewed journal publishing original research and reviews, of biotechnological significance and novelty, on basic and applied aspects of the science and technology of processes involving the use of enzymes, micro-organisms, animal cells and plant cells. We especially encourage submissions on: Biocatalysis and the use of Directed Evolution in Synthetic Biology and Biotechnology Biotechnological Production of New Bioactive Molecules, Biomaterials, Biopharmaceuticals, and Biofuels New Imaging Techniques and Biosensors, especially as applicable to Healthcare and Systems Biology New Biotechnological Approaches in Genomics, Proteomics and Metabolomics Metabolic Engineering, Biomolecular Engineering and Nanobiotechnology Manuscripts which report isolation, purification, immobilization or utilization of organisms or enzymes which are already well-described in the literature are not suitable for publication in EMT, unless their primary purpose is to report significant new findings or approaches which are of broad biotechnological importance. Similarly, manuscripts which report optimization studies on well-established processes are inappropriate. EMT does not accept papers dealing with mathematical modeling unless they report significant, new experimental data.