Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice on self-care with over-the-counter medicines among pregnant women

IF 1.8 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100413

Kavindya Nirmani , Chanidi Danthanarayana , P.M. Thilini Nisansala , Jeniffer Michael , Achala Shyamali , Jayani Dunukara , Mohammed Dauda Goni , Thilini Nisansala

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Abstract

Background

Self-care during pregnancy is a crucial topic to be discussed due to its effects on both the mother and fetus. In Sri Lanka, specifically regarding self-care with over-the-counter (OTC) medicines, usage among the pregnant population is scarce.

Objective

This study assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) on self-care with OTC medicine usage among pregnant women attending maternity clinics in the Colombo Medical Officer of Health (MOH) areas, Sri Lanka.

Method

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 399 pregnant women enrolled through simple random sampling using a self-administered questionnaire. Data were collected on knowledge, attitudes, practices, and sociodemographic characteristics. SPSS version 27 was used for descriptive statistical analysis.

Results

There were satisfactory levels of KAP on self-care with OTC medicines identified among participants. The Mean ± SD for knowledge was 4.38 ± 0.873, and for attitude and practice, 27.56 ± 3.752 and 20.35 ± 4.235, respectively. Significant positive linear correlation between knowledge and attitude (r = 0.375, p < 0.001), attitude and practice (r = 0.518, p < 0.001), and knowledge and practice (r = 0.224, p < 0.001) were observed. It refers to participants with higher levels of knowledge being more likely to exhibit certain attitudes and engage in good practice regarding self-care. However, 93% of the participants had a wrong intention that any medicine could be used at any stage of pregnancy, and 26.3% of the participants didn't know that the medications taken during pregnancy could impact the fetus. Surprisingly, 87% had misperceived that antibiotics can be purchased as OTC medicines. Additionally, the majority of the participants (96%) believed that they could use old prescriptions to purchase medicines during pregnancy.

Conclusion

Greater awareness regarding self-care with OTC medication usage is suggested to be provided during pregnancy.

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对孕妇使用非处方药自我保健的知识、态度和实践进行评估

背景由于孕期自我保健对母亲和胎儿都有影响，因此孕期自我保健是一个需要讨论的重要话题。本研究评估了在斯里兰卡科伦坡卫生部（MOH）地区产科诊所就诊的孕妇使用非处方药进行自我保健的知识、态度和实践（KAP）。方法采用自制问卷对通过简单随机抽样登记的 399 名孕妇进行了横断面研究。收集了有关知识、态度、做法和社会人口特征的数据。采用 SPSS 27 版进行描述性统计分析。知识的平均值（± SD）为 4.38 ± 0.873，态度和实践的平均值（± SD）分别为 27.56 ± 3.752 和 20.35 ± 4.235。知识与态度（r = 0.375，p <0.001）、态度与实践（r = 0.518，p <0.001）、知识与实践（r = 0.224，p <0.001）之间呈显著的正线性相关。这是指知识水平较高的参与者更有可能在自我保健方面表现出某种态度并采取良好的做法。然而，93% 的参与者错误地认为任何药物都可以在怀孕的任何阶段使用，26.3% 的参与者不知道怀孕期间服用的药物会对胎儿产生影响。令人惊讶的是，87% 的人误认为抗生素可以作为非处方药购买。此外，大多数参与者（96%）认为她们可以在怀孕期间使用旧处方购买药物。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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